What is the efficacy of electrical muscle stimulation

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Reference no: EM132303343 , Length: word count:2000

Comparing effects of accessory mobilisations (anterior posterior and posterior anterior) and massage (effleurage) with knee dysfunction.

Research question

• Can weight status or postural sway predict either process or product measures of fundamental movement skills in recreationally active males?
• What is the impact of goal orientation on performance in University Swimmers?
• Is there a relationship between sprint, agility and jump performance in University football players?
• What is the effect ofincreased anxiety on reaction time in novice amateur boxers?
• Is functional movement affected by Central Fatigue in recreational Netball players?
• What is the efficacy of electrical muscle stimulation and massage on relieving DOMS after induced muscle damage?
• What is the effect of hypoxia and time of day on repeated sprint performance?
• What is the effect of increasing exercise intensity on anticipation performance in high and low anxiety conditions?
• How does changing seated position effect cervical/shoulder range of motion in recreational rowers?
• Does taping the thigh improve concentric and eccentric muscle strength after exercise induced muscle damage?
• Does carbohydrate ingestion improve performance in repeated sprints durations of less than one hour in recreationally active males?

Brief Project Summary [1200 character limit]
Please note a character also includes a space. So make sure you keep to this limit here.

Should include
• Basic design, e.g. observational/ intervention, cross over etc.
• Who the subjects are
• What you are measuring, how and when (names of methods only, not details here)
• What treatments etc. are being administered if applicable

Background science Explain the basic/ background science that underpins your topic area .What are the fundamentals here?

This must include appropriate references from textbooks and from review articles (you should find at least 2-3 good reviews)

As part of this make sure you indicate why the particular things you are observing (key outcome measure(s) / planned interventions) are likely to be important.

e.g. if your project is about anxiety in basketball in this section you would explain how anxiety influences sport generally then in the next section focus on basketball, or if your study is on carbohydrate effects in sprint exercise in this section you would summarise the various ways carbs can affect performance then in the next section focus specifically on sprint effects

Study Rationale In this part of your literature review you are moving from the general to the specific to explain what is already known about the subject area in relation to your specific research question.

Make sure that you incorporate ‘telling the story' as to why you will be addressing your specific research question. This is building the rationale for your study.

Critical analysis and synthesis of information are key here to demonstrate your level of understanding and command of the relevant literature

If you are using more than one group (e.g. males and females, different sports) and / or different experimental conditions explain why you think they will be different- you need literature to justify this.

This section should have references from specific studies and if there are relevant reviews available you MUST incorporate these. You cannot present the results from just ONE study when there have been many studies in that area.

Within this section make sure that you explain what gap in the literature your project will address.

Aims Objectives and Hypotheses AIM
AIM= your overall intention
This does not always have to be worded in a testable way

For example
• To see if submaximal tests can successfully predict VO2 max in soccer players
• To establish the key elements of fitness that predict rowing performance

OBJECTIVES
Objective = something which you plan to do or achieve- i.e. the separate steps that will allow you to reach your aim. Usually about 4-5 is a suitable number.

e.g.
• Measure MLSS, VO2 Max and 1 rep max in female elite rowers
• Measure time taken to complete a 2000m time trial in the same subjects
• Use regression analysis to see which of the measures of fitness best predicts performance
• Use this information to give training advice to the athletes

HYPOTHESIS(ES)
The Hypothesis states what you expect the result to be i.e. the anticipated outcome of a study or experiment (don't confuse this with the null hypothesis which is only used when you are doing statistical analysis).

You should have developed your hypothesis based on your reading of the previous literature in the area.

It must be worded in a ‘testable' way (try and think in terms of having a yes/ no answer)

Examples
• Workload at maximum lactate steady state will predict performance in a 2000 m rowing trial
• Glucose administration during a one hour cycling trial will improve performance

In contrast the following are not testable
• To clarify the relationship between strength changes and neural activation
• To measure the effect of glucose

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Reference no: EM132303343

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