What is the difference between dna and rna

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Reference no: EM133495778

Assignment:

1) Transcription: Synthesizing RNA from DNA

a) What is the difference between DNA and RNA

b) Explain the process of each phase of transcription: Initiation, elongation and termination

c) Compare and contrast the sense and antisense strand.

d) What is the role of RNA polymerase and what direction does it travel in?

e) What are the three modifications of eukaryotic mRNA? Why are these modifications required?

2) Translation: Synthesizing Proteins from mRNA

a) What is the role of tRNA aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in the process of translation?

b) Describe the structure of tRNA and how its structure enables it to perform its function.

c) Explain the process of each phase of translation: Initiation, elongation and termination

d) Where does tRNA bind during initiation? During elongation?

e) Define the following mutations: point mutation, frameshift mutation, silent mutation, missense mutation and nonsense mutation. What are each of their effects on the final polypeptide chain?

3) Explain each of the following and what affect they have on population dynamics:

a) Competition

b) Parasitism

c) Predation

d) Mutualism

e) Carrying capacity

4) DNA Structure and Organization in the Cell

a) What are the four nitrogenous bases?

b) Which nitrogenous base base-pair with one another?

c) How many hydrogen bonds form between each of them?

d) Describe the 3-D structure of the DNA using the following key words: base-pair, hydrogen bonds, phosphodiester bond, 5' and 3' end, sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base, double helix

5) DNA Replication

A) Explain the difference between the dispersive, conservative and semi-conservative model of replication.

B) Explain the process of each phase of replication; initiation, elongation, termination

C) What are the roles of the following proteins in the process of replication: helicase, SSB proteins, topoisomerase II, DNA polymerase III, Primase, DNA ligase

D) Compare and contrast the replication of the leading and lagging strand.

Reference no: EM133495778

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