Reference no: EM132831111
Cell structure
Bacteria have very simple cells called "prokaryotic" cells. All other organisms ( plants, fungi, animals, protists ) have more complicated "eukaryotic" cells.
A) Web site name: The Biology Project
Read "Eukaryotics"
1). What is the glycocalyx?
2). What is the function of ribosomes?
3). What are two functions of the Golgi body?
4). What are two functions of lysosomes?
5). What is the function of mitochondria?
6). What are "cristae"?
7). What are two unusual features of chloroplasts and mitochondria?
8). What does this suggest about the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?
B) Web site name: Economist magazine (Note: you will need to Sign up with your name and Email address to read the whole article. Signing up is free. Do NOT click on "Subscribe")
Read "Cell free biotech will make for better products".
9). What is a ribosome's job?
10). What "useful chemicals" can be engineered from ribosomes and proteins?
11). What is one advantage of getting rid of the cells?
12). Which gut bacteria is used in this system?
13). What is the name of the enzymes that eat up the fragmented DNA?
14). Which energy-carrying molecule powers the process of making proteins?
15). How many proteins can be processed in parallel?
16). What do tubes which flash brightly indicate?
17). Which disease will STRO-001 treat?
18). Why does GreenLight want to make an undigestible analogue of ribose?
19). How long ago was beer invented? _____________________________
C) Web site name: Cells Alive (Nucleus)
Click on "Start the Animation" then "Animal Cell", then click on "Nucleus"
20). What is the nucleus surrounded by?
21). How does the nucleus communicate?
22). Why is a liver cell different from a muscle cell?
Click on "Nucleolus"
23). What does the nucleolus produce?
D) Web site name: Cells Alive (Animation)
Click on "Start the Animation" then "Animal Cell", then "Mitochondria"
24). What is the function of mitochondria?
25). What is one similarity between the mitochondria and nucleus? _
26). Why are the cristae folded? _______________________________________
27). What is the primary energy source for the cell? ______________________
Click on "Cell membrane"
28). What does "hydrophilic" mean? __________________________________
29). What color are the proteins in the diagram?
30). Which ions move through the proteins?
Click on "Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum"
31). The ER is a continuation of
32). What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
33). What is the function of smooth ER in liver cells?
Click on "Cytoskeleton"
34) What is the primary importance of the cytoskeleton?
35) What color are the stress fibers stained in the photograph?
Click on one more organelle listed near the bottom of the screen.
36) Which organelle did you click on?
37) Summarize the information about this organelle:
E) Web site name: Economist magazine (Note: if it says you have reached your article limit, just clear your browser cache)
Read "Towards a body on a chip"
38) How would the test for a new drug "normally" be carried out?
39) Apart from the "liver-on-a-chip" which two other organs are currently being produced by groups from Harvard University and the University of California?
40) How many "tiny livers" does each liver chip contain?
41) How does the lung-on-a-chip stretch and relax the cells, to mimic breathing?
42) Do see any ethical concerns with having human heart cells "beating on their own at 55 - 80 beats per minute"?
43) Why is the military interested in having 10 organs on a body chip?
44) What are a couple of hurdles that still need to be overcome?
Attachment:- Cell structure.rar