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A set of 4 µm wide windows are to be etched into a SiO2 film of thickness 0.8µm.
a) Find the dimension of the window, as measured at the top of the oxide, after ideal isotropic etching (i.e. no overetch). Draw a cross section of the window opening with the resist still on.
b) What is the dimension of the window at the oxide substrate interface.
c) Find the average slope of the window edge.
d) Repeat the above question a), b) and c) if the process was done with a 20% over-etch, assuming that the silicon is etched at 2% of the oxide etch.
e) what type of Si wafer (orientation) and chemical etchant would be needed to make a perfectly vertical wet etch for these 4 µm wide windows? Comment on the practicality of such an etch.
For a face centered cubic, the volume of a conventional unit cell is a^3 Find the volume of a fcc primitive unit cell with three basis vectors: (0,0,0 --> a/2,0,a/2) and (0,0,0 --> a/2,a/2,0), and (0,0,0 --> 0,a/2,a/2)
An internally compensated op amp is specified to have an open-loop gain of 106dB and a unity-gain bandwidth of 3MHz. Find fb and the open-loop gain in dB at fb.
A buffer amplifier with a gain of 1 V/V has an input resistance of 1M and an output resistance of 10 ohm. It is connected between a 1-V, 100-k ohm source and a 100-ohm load. What load voltage results and what are the corresponding voltage, current,..
1) How would you identify the anode of an unmarked diode using a DMM (Digital Multimeter) 2) Explain how the clamping circuit adds or subtracts a DC component to an input voltage.
A 10 kW, 220 V, dc shunt motor has field and armature reistance of 110 ohms and .20 ohms, respectively. At no-load the motor runs at 1200 rpm and has an armature current of 5 A.
An FM signal being transmitted is represented by eFM(t) = 50Sin((2)(95.1)(106)t+2Sin((2)(10)(103)t)). If the antenna impedance is 75 , determine: (a) total power in FM signal and (b) FM modulation index.
Compute y(nT) iteratively for n=0, 1, 2, when, y(-T)=2, and x(nT) = u(n) Hint: the initial conditions are given for negative n. Shift the equation to the right to express x() and y() to eliminate all advances and end up with x(n), y(n)
i) Calculate the number of calls/hour/cell and the number of calls/hours/km2 ii) Calculate the number of users/hour/cell and the number of users/hours/channel iii) Find the modulation frequency for this system.
Optimum length of the antenna to receive the FM station, An FM radio station transmits at a frequency of 99.9 MHz. A radio receiver has an antenna that is a quarter wavelength monopole consisting of a telescoping rod
Design low pass active filter with a cutoff frequency t at 10kHz or more by 30db and have the pass band gain positive that does not deviate from 20db by more than 3db. The pass band frequency needed is 800Hz and below Derive transfer function
Binary symmetric channel, Assume that we are transmitting binary digits over a binary symmetric channel. Let p(x=0)=p(x=1)=0.5.
What is the symbol rate and what is the bandwidth occupied by the 16-QAM signal? The link must maintain a BER no higher than 10^-6. What is the minimum CNR in the receiver to meet this requirement?
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