Reference no: EM133658260

1. How does the axial skeleton differ from the appendicular skeleton?

2. What do these terms have in common and how are they different? canal, crest, facet, foramen.

3. How are bones formed? Write out both pathways.

4. How do the pathways above differ from bone remodeling?

5. What is rickets? Is this condition linked with DEI/SJA? Explain.

6. Draw or list the bones of the orbit, shoulder, and the main arms of the bone and leg. Include the carpels and metacarpels, and tarsels and metatarsels, and hands and feet bones as a group, no need to list the individual bones.

Muscle system.

1. What is a fascicle and what is a muscle fiber, and how are these layers connected to these terms? Epimysium, perimysium, endomysium.

2. What is the functional structure of this system and where is it located?

3. Muscles allow for movement. List four other muscle functions and explain how muscles ast as a blood sugar buffer. What is the significance of this blood sugar buffer?

4. Explain the sliding filament model. What is the role of Ca++ ions and where are these chemicals stored?

5. See the Clinical Application #7.1 and explain the importance of: keeping pesticides our of our water and food chain, tetanus or lock jaw, and of the plant toxin curare.

Nervous system.

1. CNS, PNS, ANS, S/PS. What do these letters refer to in the nervous system organization? Which division or subdivision allows us to avoid danger? What is the physiological cost of avoiding danger?

2. What is the functional structure of this system and where is it located?

3. Draw a multipolar neuron and explain how we send nerve signals. Start with the axon hillock.

4. What is the role of the myelin sheath and what cells from the CNS and PNS generate this fat layer? What are the two nerve signal propagation rates associated with the myelin sheath? explain.

5. What is gray and white matter and how is the arrangement of this tissue different between the brain and spinal cord?