Reference no: EM132632969

1) What are viruses? How are viruses constructed? What are bacteriophage? How do bacteriophage infect bacterial cells? What is the difference between the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophage?

2) Viruses are not alive." -- Given our understanding of what it means to be alive, what support can you give for this assertion?

3) How do viruses get into cells? What do they do once inside a living cell? What is the importance of viral surface structures in infecting host cells?

4) What important human diseases are caused by viruses? Can viruses move between different species of animals? What are some major differences among different kinds of viruses? What are the H and N antigens on the surface of influenza viruses used for? What does it mean when influenza viruses are called H1N1 or H3N2? Why does this distinction matter? Why is it important to have a high percentage of vaccinated persons in controlling influenza epidemics? Are there effective antiviral medications?

5) How can we approach eradicating viral diseases such as poliomyelitis and smallpox? How was smallpox virus completely eradicated? What is vaccination? Why is eradicating poliomyelitis proving to be difficult in some countries? What are some examples of "emerging" viral diseases? How are non-human animals involved in viral transmission and epidemics? How are ecological factors involved in promoting the spread of emerging pathogens?

6) What is AIDS and how does it result from HIV infection? How can we control the spread of HIV?

7) How is COVID-19 an example of an emerging viral disease? What are factors in COVID-19 becoming a pandemic disease? What are some ways of trying to control the spread of COVID-19?