Reference no: EM133251514

Assignment:

Use the following fictional description of Roberta, a chronic alcohol user, to answer questions 9 and 10.

Roberta has been a chronic user of alcohol for 10 years. When she first started drinking, she enjoyed the euphoric feeling she would get after a few drinks leading to an increased chance of her drinking again. Over time, her chronic use began to cause anxiety and stress in her life so she would drink more to relieve herself from these negative emotions. After a night of heavy drinking, Roberta tends to wake up feeling nauseous, has a headache and some slight tremors. Within an hour of waking up Roberta typically begins drinking again because if she does not, she will experience more physical symptoms of withdrawal.

1. The transition from positive reinforcement to negative reinforcement of alcohol and Roberta's continued use supports what theory of substance use

• Dependence view
• Psychiatric view
• Self-regulation view
• Genetic View

2. Roberta's continued drinking to ward off physical withdrawal symptoms supports what theory of substance use

• Dependence view
• Psychiatric view
• Self-regulation view
• Genetic view

3. The synaptic connections between the entorhinal cortex and the dentate gyrus are called _____ while the connections between the dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus are called _____.

• Mossy fibers; Schaffer collateral
• Schaffer collateral; corpus callosum
• Mossy fibers; performant path
• Perforant path; mossy fibers

4. If you were to administer a Gs receptor antagonist, what effect would you expect to see on protein kinase A (PKA) activity?

• PKA activity would increase
• PKA activity would decrease
• PKA activity would remain unchanged
• PKA activity is not affected by Gs receptors