Reference no: EM133732971

Problem

In the book "Forms of Government and the Rise of Democracy", Jeanne Nagle writes: "During a given society's history there are certain changes and processes that create conditions conducive to the rise of monarchy. Because warfare was the main means of acquiring fertile land and trade routes, some of the most prominent monarchs in the ancient world made their initial mark as warrior-leaders. Thus, the military accomplishments of Octavian (later Augustus) led to his position as emperor and to the institution of monarchy in the Roman Empire. Infrastructural programs and state-building also contributed to the development of monarchies. The need, common in arid cultures, to allocate fertile land and manage a regime of fresh water distribution (what the German-American historian Karl Wittfogel called hydraulic civilization) accounted for the founding of the ancient Chinese, Egyptian, and Babylonian monarchies on the banks of rivers. The monarchs also had to prove themselves as state-builders. Monarchy also results from the wish of a society-be it a city population, tribe, or multi-tribal "people"-to groom an indigenous leader who will properly represent its historical goals and advance its interests. Monarchy, therefore, rests on the cultural identity and symbol- ism of the society it represents, and in so doing it reifies that identity within the society while also projecting it to outsiders." What does "to groom an indigenous leader who represents [a society's] historical goals" mean here exactly? What does the process of grooming mean and entail? What does "historical goals" mean? The objectives to be achieved in history?