Reference no: EM133660071

What does it mean to say that a claim is credible? What are some ways to evaluate a claim for credibility?

There are many different types of logical fallacies, but some of the most common include:

• Ad hominem: This fallacy attacks the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself. For example, saying "You're wrong because you're a liberal" is an ad hominem fallacy.
• Straw man: This fallacy creates a false version of the opponent's argument and then attacks that false version. For example, saying "You think that everyone should be forced to get vaccinated, but that's not true" is a straw man fallacy.
• Appeal to emotion: This fallacy uses emotional appeals to persuade the audience, rather than using logic. For example, saying "You should vote for me because I'm the only candidate who cares about children" is an appeal to emotion fallacy.
• Bandwagon: This fallacy assumes that something is true because everyone else believes it. For example, saying "Everyone knows that global warming is a hoax" is a bandwagon fallacy.
• False dilemma: This fallacy presents two options as the only possible choices, when in reality there are other options available. For example, saying "You either support gun control or you don't care about children" is a false dilemma fallacy.
• Post hoc ergo propter hoc: This fallacy assumes that because one event happened after another, the first event caused the second event. For example, saying "I ate a bowl of ice cream and then I got sick, so the ice cream must have made me sick" is a post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy.
• Hasty generalization: This fallacy makes a conclusion about a whole group of people based on a small sample size. For example, saying "All politicians are corrupt" is a hasty generalization fallacy.
• Red herring: This fallacy introduces an irrelevant topic into an argument in order to distract the audience from the main issue. For example, saying "The president's tax cuts are unfair to the poor" and then changing the subject to the president's personal life is a red herring fallacy.
• Appeal to authority: This fallacy relies on the expertise of an authority figure to support a claim, even if the authority figure is not actually an expert on the topic. For example, saying "The doctor said that vaccines cause autism" is an appeal to authority fallacy, even if the doctor is not actually an expert on autism.
• Find four (4) examples of fallacies in popular advertising. Upload the image/words or provide a link. Identify the fallacy and why you think that this particular type of advertisement works or does not work.