Reference no: EM132210751

Research Methods

Guidelines for Task 1; Introduction

In the first few paragraphs of any research study, the researchers must describe their substantive topic, and make a persuasive case for its relevance to organizations, workers, society, and knowledge/theory.

Your task for the first assessment is to (1) comprehensively describe your topic of interest; (2) persuade your reader that the topic has broader impacts to orgs, workers, society, and theory; and (3) justify your specific choice of topic using the principles . For example, Colquitt and George identify 5 criteria for a good topic: significance, novelty, curiosity, scope, and actionability.

Answer;

TOPIC: The relationship between organisational commitment and management level employees' absenteeism and turnover in Australian manufacturing industry.

INTRODUCTION

Employee turnover and absenteeism are employees' common adversary behaviours in most organisation and now it's become as major problem for their business. Most research has presented various personal and organizational causes which influence staff turnover and absence. Professionals' turnover is an indicator which reflects the employee leaving rate of the organization and its related to the average number of employee in the organisation during the particular time period.

Similarly, absenteeism level is also major indicator of the company performance (Hom et al 2017). According to past studies there is a cognitive relationship between employee and their organization; hence organisational commitment ,employee turnover and absenteeism are most significant indicators to the organisation and these studies concluded that high level of employee turnover and absenteeism negatively effect on the organisation's performance ,profitability, productivity and also work performance (Ozolina-Ozola 2014).

In addition, researches have shown that cost associated with employees' leaving and their absence; If the organization faces high turnover or absenteeism rate continuously, factory needs continuous investment on recruitment, selection, and skill training programmes. Further, the turnover or absenteeism idea may be contaminated and spread in to other staff which reduce production quantity and quality. High rate of absenteeism and turnover increase the production cost and decreases productivity. Moreover, the company who have lower level of staff turnover and absenteeism may gain some advantages; it is easy to enhance long term employees' strong feeling towards the organisation goal and success and it‘s enhance company reputation (Hom et al 2017; Li et al 2016).

According to Australian bureau statistics, 8.1% of the Australian employed people changed employers or the businesses they existing in a year up to February 2018 (Australian bureau statistics 2018). Further, many researches apprise importance and considerable information related to employee turnover, absenteeism, job satisfaction and organisational commitment in numerous fields (Ahmad, Ahmad & Shah 2010; Lee & Chen 2013; Abdirahman et al 2018). Considering all these factors and significance there is no clearly explained studies combining these aspects; hence, this paper will focus on management level employees' absenteeism and turnover in Australian manufacturing industry.

Moreover, this topic relates to the ‘curiosity' criterion by Colquitt and George, because of some situations which I have experienced in the past; some people work so many years for the particular company and they acquired broad range of experience, training, knowledge and working skills, then they become as an experienced employee and easily transfer to a another organization because they expect more benefits such as high salaries, promotions and facilities.

Further, this research relate to actionability by approaching findings in to practice with knowledge and guidance towards the new sector on what is to be continued, discontinued and implemented. And also this research will reflect more efficient and productive outcome to the individuals and nation.

The main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between organisational commitment and management level employees' absenteeism and turnover in Australian manufacturing industry. In order to answer the main objective of the study, following sub questions were suggested.

1. What are the main factors which influence employee turnover and absenteeism according to organisational perspective?

2. How organisation can contribute to reduce employee turnover and long term absence?

3. Is there any significant relationship between organisational commitment and employee turnover and absenteeism?

Guidelines for Task 2: Critical literature review, problematisation and envisioned contribution.

The midsection of a research proposal is its literature review. A strong literature review not only summarizes and integrates the knowledge base on a subject, but also identifies aspects of the knowledge base that are problematic-inadequate, incorrect, inconsistent, or incommensurate with reality. Ultimately, your research question should focus on addressing one of these problems with our current knowledge.

Your task for the second assessment is to (1) summarize and integrate the knowledge base on your substantive topic, i.e. your literature review itself; (2) persuasively problematise some of the knowledge on your topic; and (3) explain the procedures you used to create a high-quality literature review.

Recommended structure:
• Use the first section to summarize and integrate what we know about the topic of interest. A strong and comprehensiveliterature review will cover: definitions, prevalence, importance,correlates, contexts, typical research designs, and measurement. Remember, literature reviews arepersuasive documents. Integrate your literature review by convincingly making 4-5 important points about the state of knowledge in the area. The body of literature in an area form a scholarly conversation. Distinction- and high distinction-level submissions will describe how this conversation has evolved over time, and indicate where the conversation seems to be going next.

• Use the second section to problematise one or two things in the knowledge base on your chosen topic. Describe what is wrong with what we already know. What is inconsistent, incorrect, or inadequate about existing scholarly knowledge? In other words, in what way is this body of knowledge incommensurate with itself, with reality, or with your experiences? Make a persuasive case for your ‘problematisation' of existing knowledge by using other journal articles (compulsory) and occasional trustworthy non-academic sources (optional but preferred).

The more persuasive your argument, the higher your mark.

o Your final paragraph in this section should focus on scholarly contribution. Your problematisation will determine how your proposed study makes a scholarly contribution. Make a case for why it is important to solve the problem you've identified in the literature, and show how the body of knowledge is advanced by fixing this problem.
 
• Use the third section (1-2 paragraphs) to link your literature review back to principles in the unit's readings. Identify the guidelines for crafting a good literature review (as covered in the course readings) and explain how you implemented those guidelines. Just as in the first assessment task, whenever you draw on criteria from the readings, please be explicit.

General guidelines

• Use 10-15 recent, high-quality scholarly journal articles on the substantive topic of interest (alongside other trustworthy sources, like government statistics and policy reports). Remember to rely primarily on high-quality scholarly journal sources.

• Word limit is 1,500 words, maximum. You may use fewer than 1,500 words; that's not an issue. The word limit excludes references.

• High-quality writing is important. Researchers need to be understood by the general public. The most important thing is that the writing is organized logically. A few grammatical errors will not be too bad. However, writing that is incomprehensible or lacking logical structure will earn poor marks on the last criterion in the rubric.

Description in EUO:

Assessment task 2: Critical literature review, problematisation and envisioned contribution

The purpose of this task is to critically review the body of knowledge on your topic of interest, problematize the current body of knowledge, and articulate your envisioned contribution to help solve this problem.

The assessment task consists of two parts:

The first part consists of critically reviewing the body of knowledge that already exists on the topic you have identified in Assessment task 1. Those studying OHSE must choose an OHSE related topic for their literature review. The purpose of the literature review is not to merely to summarize extant knowledge, but rather to critically analyse and meaningfully organise the scholarly literature on the topic.

This literature should primarily consist of 10-15 scholarly articles, the majority of these articles should be post-2010, and should be published in high-quality, peer-reviewed journals. These may be complemented with other trustworthy, non-academic evidence, such as research reports or policy documents. In the literature review, you need to include a discussion about the accepted facts in the area, the main constructs and variables that are important and the relationships between them;

Second part: based on your critical literature review, you will then need to problematize our current body of knowledge. What is incomplete, incorrect, and inconsistent about our knowledge on the topic? What implicit assumptions are made in the research on this topic?

What gaps are there in the literature and why are they problematic? You will then need to subsequently formulate (one or a few) tentative research questions that you may want to focus for the next assessment task - the research proposal - and make a compelling case for how and why answers to these questions would contribute to solving (some of) these problems in the literature.

Throughout your literature review and envisioned contribution, you need to demonstrate that you can think critically and reflectively; show an understanding of the relevant literature in the topic area, taking local and international perspectives into account, locate, organise, analyse, synthesise and evaluate information; and demonstrate effective communication in written English language.