What are ramifications of this with respect to herd immunity

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Case Study: Consider the following: there has been an outbreak of a severe upper respiratory virus in a densly populated area. It appears to be spread by contact via respiratory secretions and saliva. The source was determined to be pigs that were feeding in the waste dump of the city. Investigators have found that people are killing, butchering, and consuming the pigs as a source of protein. Your name came to the attention of the head of the CDC because you took Human Performance in Extreme Environments. You were also selected because you falsified documents stating that you had a medical degree and a fellowship in infectious diseases, however, that is a different story. Prior to leaving the United States, you have assembled a team of professionals and at the first meeting you must explain the following details to them.

Questions:

1. The environment has an average daily temperature of 55 degrees F with nighttime lows in the 30's and very low humidity. Furthermore, the virus has a fairly prolonged asymptomatic phase where the person is shedding the virus (and is contagious), but doesn't present as sick. Explain how these factors (Temperature, low humidity, and the asymptomatic phase) might influence transmission.

2.Given that the virus is highly transmittable, discuss the mechanism for how the immune system protects you from the virus (the three levels of immunity) and how the virus might defeat the system.

3. As for the virus, it has a high mortality rate (8%). Because of this, the following is important to determine:

At this time, it is estimated that 5000 people have been exposed, with 1575 people contracting the disease. Using this information, calculate the attack rate. Also, identify the reservoir and the vector for transmission.

1. Given that this is a novel virus, what are the ramifications of this with respect to herd immunity and why?

2. Compare and contrast between active immunity and passive immunity, and which one would be most at work here?

3. If a vaccine were to be developed, describe the mechanism by which it might work.

Reference no: EM133340447

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