Reference no: EM132830278
Worksheet - Atoms and Bonds
This section will deal with basic chemistry. It starts with a brief review of atomic theory: the structure of atoms, and later shows how atoms join together to form molecules.
A) Web site name: Florida State College Jacksonville
Read "Basic Atomic Structure"
1). How were alpha particles detected in Rutherford and Geiger's experiment?
2). What is the name of the particle discovered by James Chadwick?
3). Which two types of particle are in the nucleus of the atom?
4). If the atomic nucleus was represented by a golf ball, how wide would the whole atom be?
5). What is an isotope?
6). Look at the diagrams of the three isotopes of hydrogen. Do they differ in the number of protons, neutrons or electrons?
7). Look at the diagram of Beryllium. What would you predict is the atomic mass of Beryllium?
8). How many energy levels do the electrons of sodium use?
Different chemical elements ( such as hydrogen and carbon) are often drawn in a Periodic Table, like the one shown in the website below:
B) Web site name: Yinon Bentor's diagram of the Periodic Table
9). Write down the chemical symbol ( eg H ) and the atomic number ( eg 1 ) of the first twelve elements ( ending at Mg 12 ). Keep them in the pattern shown on the diagram, and leave space to add more information to each element:
Click on "Back to Main Page" then click on "Name" on the left hand side.
10). Add the chemical name ( for example Hydrogen ) to the twelve elements in your diagram above.
Click on "Back to Main Page" then click on "Atomic Mass"
11). Add the atomic mass ( to one decimal place) to your diagram above.
12). Look back to question 7) above. Was your prediction correct?
Click on "Back to the Main Page" then click on "Electron Configuration"
13). Add the electron configuration to your diagram.
Click on "Back to the Main Page" and choose one more category ( eg Date of Discovery) from the list on the left.
14). What category did you click on?
15). Give this new information for the element Helium
Elements are often joined together by chemical bonds to form a molecule. The next web site looks at different types of chemical bonds.
C) Web site name: Vision Learning
Read "Chemical Bonding"
16). What did Gilbert Lewis propose in 1916?
17). What is an ionic bond?
18). Do non-metals (like chlorine) tend to gain or lose electrons?
19). What are three features of ionic bonds?
20). What are covalent bonds?
21). Why are covalent molecules typically liquids or gases?
22). What is a "non-polar" bond?
23). What is a "dipole"?
D) Web site name: Online Biology Book
Click on "Organic molecules"
24). Give the molecular formula of Ethane:
25). Draw the structural formula of Ethylene:
26). What functional group is found in ethanol?
27). Give an example of a molecule that has a carbonyl group:
28). Draw the structural formula of acetic acid:
29). Which functional group has the formula -NH2 ?
One of the main compounds in living cells is water. Approximately 70% of a typical plant or animal cell consists of water, so the properties of water have an important effect on cells. This next website will look specifically at water.
E) Web site name: New York University
Read "Water and Ice"
30) In a covalent bond, electrons are ______________ between atoms.
31) What is a polar molecule?
32) What electrical charge does the acceptor have in a hydrogen bond?
Click here to view the movie. If your browser gives you a choice between opening the file and saving it to disk, "Open it". Click on the run button on the left hand side of the screen to see the two water molecules move.
33) What do you think the green numbers above the dotted line represent?
34) Each molecule in ice is hydrogen bonded to _______ other molecules.
35) How many different forms of crystalline ice a) are known ? ____________ b) exist naturally?
F) Web site name: The Guardian
Read "Is alkaline water a miracle cure - or BS?"
36). How much was the alkaline water business worth in 2017?
37). Which adverse health effect is claimed to result from "acid ash"?
38). Why was Robert Young jailed in 2017?
39). Why can't you change the pH of your body by drinking alkaline water?
40). Would you buy alkaline water? Explain why, or why not.
Attachment:- Atoms and Bonds.rar