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A condenser is required to condense n-propanol vapour leaving the top of adistillation column. The n-propanol is essentially pure, and is a saturated vapourat a pressure of 2.1 bara. The condensate needs to be sub-cooled to 45ŽC.Design a horizontal shell and tube condenser capable of handling a vapour rateof 30,000 kg/h. Cooling water is available at 30ŽC and the temperature rise is tobe limited to 30ŽC. The pressure drop on the vapour stream is to be less than50 kN/m2 , and on the water stream less than 70 kN/m2. The preferred tube sizeis 16 mm inside diameter, 19 mm outside diameter, and 2.5 m long.Take the saturation temperature of n-propanol at 2.1 bar as 118ŽC. The otherphysical properties required can be found in the literature, or estimated.
Van Laar equation to calculate activity coefficients, How do I use the Van Laar equation to calculate an activity coefficient for an equilibrium ethanol/water binary system with mole fractions of ethanol in liquid of
A 30 mol% feed of benzene in toluene is to be distilled in a batch operation. A product having an average composition of 45 mol% benzene is to be produced. Calculate the amount of residue, assuming α = 2.5 and W0 = 100.
A geometrically similar 200 pump having a similar efficiency curve is used to pump water through 112.5 m of 150 mm pipe, f = 0.025. The static lift is 10 m. Neglecting minor losses in the pipe calculate the flow, head and power required to drive t..
Consider that you are a senior consulting engineer and that you need to explain the topic in a written report to your customer, who is the managing director of a large company, and a commerce or law graduate.
In terms of heat treatment and the development of microstructure, what are two major limitations of the iron-iron carbide phase diagram?
A large CSTR, small CSTR and PFR of fixed volume are available. In general, how wouldyou arrange them for getting maximum conversion forreactions of order >1 and1 arrangement is PFR followed by small CSTR followed by large CSTR tomaintain the reac..
A crystallization process requires operation at -5º C. The refrigeration system can reject heat to cooling water that is available at 35º C. If a single refrigeration cycle has an efficiency of 60% of Carnot cycle performance then estimate the cos..
Equal rates of mass transfer for the production of the fine chemical are required. This is often required for certain types of organic synthesis.
(a) Describe the provisions of Occupational Safety and Health Act 2005 with regard to ‘Substances hazardous to health' (b) Describe four types of hazard which arise from the use of chemicals
Design a condenser for the following duty: 45,000 kg/h of mixed light hydrocarbon vapors to be condensed. The condenser is to operate at 10 bar. The vapor will enter the condenser saturated at 60 °C and the condensation will be complete at 45 °C.
This is a fluid dynamics experiment involving the filling and emptying of tanks. The objectives of the experiment include: Determination of the discharge coefficient of the orifice and the equivalent length of a pipe mounted at the outlet of the two..
The process used in the manufacture of aniline from nitrobenzene is described in Appendix F, Design Problem F.8, which is available in the online material at booksite.Elsevier.com/Towler. The process involves six significant stages:
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