Reference no: EM132935174

1) All animals must solve the problem of nitrogen waste excretion in order to maintain homeostasis. There are three basic types of nitrogen waste products that animals produce: ammonia, urea, or uric acid. Aquatic animals tend to produce ammonia, whereas terrestrial animals tend to produce either urea or uric acid.

-Explain why nitrogen excretion is an important aspect of animal homeostasis.

-Explain how the types of nitrogen excretion, their energy requirements, and habitat are related.

-Explain how the three animals listed in the table above provide an example of how a group of animals can show continuity due to common ancestry as well as divergence due to adaptation to different environments.

2) Scientists often compare aspects of different organisms in order to understand relationships and common ancestry.

-Pose a testable question that could be used to compare conserved biological structures involved in cell-to-cell communication expressed across domains.
-Pose a testable question that could be used to trace the evolutionary change of the biological structures involved in cell-to-cell communication.

3) Multicellular animals use the nervous system for signal detection and transmission of information.

a) The neuron transmits nerve impulses.

-Identify the subcellular structure of the neuron that forms the basis for the transmission of nerve impulses.

-Describe how this structure is arranged under resting conditions before a signal is initiated.

b) Initiation of an impulse occurs at one end of a neuron.

-Explain changes in ion concentration and membrane potential that occurs in response to signal initiation.

c) Transmission of an impulse travels along the length of the neuron.

-Explain how the neuron is changing at each phase of your graph.

-Explain how the impulse is propagated along the neuron.

d) Explain how the mammalian nervous system achieves long-range transmission of information. Include the significance of neuron cell shape in your explanation.

4) Nerve impulses travel from neuron to neuron.

-Describe this mode of propagation, and draw a model to supplement your description.

-Explain how it differs from the mode of propagation along the neuron.

5) All organisms interact with their environment by receiving and processing information from the environment and then responding to that information.

-Describe the difference in sensory reception between a single-celled organism and a multicelled animal.