Reference no: EM133284021
1. The _______ principle states that autonomous persons should be allowed to exercise their capacity for self-determination.
autonomy
nonmaleficence
beneficence
double effect
2. The doctrine of informed consent was developed primarily to safeguard
physician autonomy.
the sanctity of human life.
weak paternalism.
patient autonomy.
3. People opposed to _______ argue that it is wrong because it violates the rights of persons to determine for themselves what is good and what is right.
the doctrine of double effect
weak paternalism
strong paternalism
utilitarianism
4. Physicians face pressure from pharmaceutical companies to use expensive treatments of limited efficacy, are penalized for low productivity, and have financial incentives to recommend procedure-oriented interventions in place of minimally invasive counseling. These all represent serious threats to
weak paternalism.
physician autonomy.
patient autonomy.
the sanctity of human life.
5. A toddler is seriously injured and the only way to save her life is to give her a blood transfusion. Her Jehovah's Witness parents refuse because the procedure is explicitly forbidden by their faith. The physicians proceed with the transfusion and save the girl's life and the parents sue the physicians and the hospital by claiming _______ was violated.
the principle of beneficence
the sanctity of human life
the right to refuse treatment
an advance directive
6. Courts have stretched the right of competent patients to reject recommended treatments to situations in which they become incompetent (e.g., lapse into a coma) via advanced directives or other evidence of their preferences.
False
True
7. Act- and rule-utilitarians do not dramatically disagree on how to balance patient autonomy and provider beneficence.
True
False
8. It is an accepted truth that nurses have a duty to follow a doctor's orders even when they think those orders are questionable. Physicians must always be the ultimate authority on treatment in urgent or serious cases.
False
True
9. Only a few states have religious exemptions in their civil codes on child abuse or neglect.
True
False
10. Ultimately, the courts affirmed Elizabeth Bouvia's right to die by starvation on the grounds that she had a constitutionally guaranteed right to refuse medical treatment.
False
True