Reference no: EM133533496

True and False

1. The "Consensus Model," used to explain how a society determines which acts are to be defined as criminal and which are not, assumes that as people gather together to form a society, it's members will naturally come to a basic agreement with regard to shared norms and values, thereby making the writing of societies laws a reason and collaborative process

2. The "Crime Control Model" of American criminal justice assumes that police are in a better position than judges to determine guilt, that judges should operate on a presumption of guilt on the theory that if the police say something is so, it's so, and that they (judges) should place as few restrictions as possible on police investigative technique.

3. The "Due Process Model" of American criminal justice emphasizes fairness and due process for the accused over the absolute efficiency associated with the "Crime Control Model."

4. When crime rates are high, the "Crime Control Model" tends to exercise greater influence over the criminal justice system; when crime rates are low, the "Due Process Model" is more prevalent.

5. "Choice Theories of Crime" presume that the basis for all criminal conduct is a cost/benefit analysis ("do the potential benefits associated with having committed this crime outweigh the risk of going to jail") conducted by an individual contemplating the commission of a crime, all driven in turn by that individual's free will.

6. "Positivism and Modern Rational Theories of Crime" assert that the motivation for all criminal conduct is determined by biological, psychological and social forces beyond the control of any individual.

7. "Seduction of Crime Theory" suggests that a rewarding "rush" associated with committing a crime maybe almost "sensual" in nature and that it serves as a motivating factor in the cost/benefit analysis associate with the "Rational Choice Theory."