Reference no: EM131559222

Purpose: Comment the Discussion

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

• Answer this discussion with opinions/ideas creatively and clearly. Supports post using several outside, peer-reviewed sources. A paragraph-200 words.

• 1 References, find resources that are 5 years or less

• No errors with APA format 6 Edition

Discussion:

Topic : Conceptual-Theory-Empirical

Writing in the voice of your chosen theorist, describe the Conceptual-Theory-Empirical (C-T-E) structure process you used in creating your theory?

R/ Conceptual-Theory-Empirical- Phil Barker

Conceptual

Working in an asylum as a sculpture made me notice the lack of quality nursing care given to patients with mental illness (Alligood, 2014). I became a nurse in 1974 and began reading research on methods to better care for my patients. After reading work by Shoma Morita that described patients as students and the role of the nurse of teacher, I began working on my Tidal Model (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2008).

I wanted the priority of my theory to be the patients and their comfort level (Psych-TV, 2016). I thought nurses were working too hard to change people (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2008). Nurses did not need a treatment model, but a model to help them deal with mentally ill patients in virtuous ways (Psych-TV, 2016).

Theory

I created a foundation of 10 commitments to serve as a way to grow and develop without instructions on implementation since that should be driven by the patient (Alligood, 2014). The commitments are as follows: Value the voice.

Respect the language. Develop genuine curiosity. Become the apprentice. Reveal personal wisdom. Be transparent. Use the available toolkit. Craft the step beyond. Give the gift of time. Know that change is constant (Alligood, 2014). The goal was to make the nurse not just listen, but actually hear what the patient was communicating, and it do it in such a way that made patients feel comfortable (Psych-TV, 2016).

Empirical

The greatest factor of success with my model is the stories from people I have worked with during the last 40 years (Barker & Buchanan-Barker, 2008). McKenna (2003) states that the patient's narrative account or the nurse's experience is more useful in evaluation than a scientific meta-analysis of multiple randomized controlled trials. This view challenges the idea that the only evidence worthy of respect is obtained from randomized control trials.

However, a study done in Birmingham showed patients displayed 57% fewer acts of aggression, physical assault, harassment, and violence after implementation of my model (Gordon, Morton & Brooks, 2005). According to Barker and Buchanan-Barker (2008), evaluation of the model is very easy: you must simply ask the service user if the model is useful. This process, done repeatedly, is the very definition of practice-based evidence.

References

Alligood, M. R. (2014). Nursing theorists and their work. (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Barker, P., & Buchanan-Barker, P. (2008). Reclaiming nursing: making it personal: the Tidal Model has had a considerable impact on mental health nursing in the eleven years since its inception.

Phil Barker and Poppy Buchanan-Barker, with supporting views from a trust chief executive and a senior nurse, reflect on how the model has helped people to live more meaningful lives. Mental Health Practice, (9), 12.

Gordon, W., Morton, T., & Brooks, G. (2005). Launching the Tidal Model: evaluating the evidence. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 12(6), 703-712. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2005.00901.x

McKenna, H. (2003). Evidence based practice in mental health care. In Barker, P. (Ed). Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing: The Craft of Caring. Arnold, London.

Psych-TV. (2016, June 9). Phil Barker und Poppy Buchanan-Barker imGesprächüber das Gezeiten-Modell [Video file].