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You are the lead engineering in charge of running a single chemostat reactor (75 L) to produce a therapeutic protein from an engineered organism. The protein is a growth associated, extracellular product. The reactor operates at a flow rate of 75 L/h. Your boss asks you to change the reactor conditions to produce 10 g/L-hr of protein product. Assuming all other operating conditions must remain constant. What concentration of input substrate (g substrate/L) is needed to achieve the desired concentration of product leaving the reactor? [Answer should be in format X. That is, some number of digits to the left of the decimal - none to the right.]Growth parameters for the organism:td = 0.2 hrKs = 1 g/Lkd = 0.05 hr-1YP/X = 0.1 g protein/g cellYMX/S = 0.4 g cell/g substrateYour Answer:Hint:If we allow for the extracellular release of a protein product in the chemostat, the protein productivity will be the dilution rate multiplied by the product concentration (i.e., DP). If the protein production is "growth associated", its production is directly proportional to cell mass. Since the protein production is "growth associated", its production is directly proportional to cell growth rate, and we can write:qp = YP/X ?g = YP/X (D + kd)This term can be incorporated into the substrate balance of the chemostat (see Eq. 2 on p. 5 of lecture notes on cell growth; see also discussion on bottom of p. 8).Note also that: YP/S = YP/XYX/S
I placed some diastase powder in some starch solution in a test- tube. By taking samples from the tube and testing them with iodine,
Compute the change in allele frequency under the island continent model for gene flow under the follwing conditions
A sunflower population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has the given allele frequencies for petal color: 0.75 dominant, 0.25 recessive.
Determine an extracellular biomolecule, agent, or nutrient that is endocytosed into the cell?
What kind of measure is useful in investigating the epidemics? Enlist the steps you would carry out for detecting or investigating an outbreak.
Which increases the genetic diversity
Think about a simple spherical model cell that consists of cytoplasm and a plasma membrane.
Hydrolytic driving force. The hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to orthophosphate is important in driving forwards biosynthetic reactions such as the synthesis of DNA.
Serial dilutions are not only for bacteria. They can be used for any reagent. Assume that in an experiment, it is necessary to add 0.1 microgram of DNA to a tube.
Choose two organelles and compare them relative to structure and function. Describe what would be the specific probable effects on the cell if each of these organelles were lost.
White tigers are indicated with unshaded symbols. (As you can see, there was considerable inbreeding in this lineage. For instance, the white tiger Mohan was mated with his daughter). In answering the questions, assume that hite.
A man drops a baseball off of the top of the Empire State Building. If the action force is the pull of the Earth on the ball, then what is the reaction force. What is the most possible diagnosis of the condition described? Explain.
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