Reference no: EM132321856

Assignment

Multiple-Choice Questions

1) Which of the following compounds is NOT an enzyme?

A) dehydrogenase

B) cellulase

C) coenzyme A

D) β-galactosidase

E) sucrase

2) Which of the following statements about anaerobic respiration is FALSE?

A) It yields lower amounts of ATP when compared to aerobic respiration.

B) The complete Kreb's cycle is utilized.

C) It involves the reduction of an organic final electron acceptor.

D) It generates ATP.

E) It requires cytochromes.

3) What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?

A) It is reduced to lactic acid.

B) It reacts with oxaloacetate to form citrate.

C) It is oxidized in the electron transport chain.

D) It is catabolized in glycolysis.

E) It is converted into acetyl CoA.

4) How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme shown in Figure 5.3?

A) It would bind to a.

B) It would bind to b.

C) It would bind to c.

D) It would bind to d.

E) The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

6) Which biochemical process is NOT used during glycolysis?

A) substrate-level phosphorylation

B) oxidation-reduction

C) carbohydrate catabolism

D) beta oxidation

E) enzymatic reactions

7) Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

A) the partial reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid

B) the partial oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors

C) the complete catabolism of glucose to CO2 and H2O

D) the production of energy by oxidative-level phosphorylation

E) the production of energy by both substrate and oxidative phosphorylation

8) Which of the following is NOT necessary for respiration?

A) cytochromes

B) flavoproteins

C) a source of electrons

D) oxygen

E) quinones

9) Microorganisms that catabolize sugars into ethanol and hydrogen gas would most likely be categorized as

A) aerobic respirers.

B) anaerobic respirers.

C) heterolactic fermenters.

D) homolactic fermenters.

E) alcohol fermenters.

10) Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?

A) Heat may be released in both anabolic and catabolic reactions.

B) ATP is formed in catabolic reactions.

C) ADP is formed in anabolic reactions.

D) Anabolic reactions are degradative.

11) Which of the following statements regarding the glycolysis pathway is FALSE?

A) Two pyruvate molecules are generated.

B) Four ATP molecules are generated via substrate-level phosphorylation.

C) Two NADH molecules are generated.

D) One molecule of ATP is expended.

E) Two molecules of water are generated.

12) Gallionella bacteria can get energy from the reaction Fe2+ → Fe3+. This reaction is an example of

A) oxidation.

B) reduction.

C) fermentation.

D) photophosphorylation.

E) the Calvin-Benson cycle.

13) A urease test is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis because

A) urease is a sign of tuberculosis.

B) M. tuberculosis produces urease.

C) urea accumulates during tuberculosis.

D) some bacteria reduce nitrate ion.

E) M. bovis can cause tuberculosis.

14) A gene is best defined as

A) any random segment of DNA.

B) three nucleotides that code for an amino acid.

C) a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product.

D) a sequence of nucleotides in RNA that codes for a functional product.

E) the RNA product of a transcribed section of DNA.

15) An enzyme produced in response to the presence of a substrate is called a(n)

A) inducible enzyme.

B) repressible enzyme.

C) restriction enzyme.

D) operator.

E) promoter.

16) Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

A) by a bacteriophage.

B) as naked DNA in solution.

C) by cell-to-cell contact.

D) by crossing over.

E) by sexual reproduction.

17) Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by

A) mutation.

B) conjugation.

C) transduction.

D) transformation.

E) All of the answers are correct.

18) Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation

A) replicates DNA.

B) transfers DNA vertically, to new cells.

C) transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication.

D) transcribes DNA to RNA.

E) copies RNA to make DNA.

19) Which of the following statements is not true about plasmid

A) They may contain antibiotic resistance genes.

B) They are small, circular molecules of DNA that can carry genes for heavy metal resistance.

C) They can be transferred between bacteria during conjugation.

D) They may encode genes that enhance the pathogenicity of an organism.

E) They are essential for survival of the organism in most situations

20) Which of the following statements is true about transduction

A) Segments of DNA move from one region to another

B) recombination doesn't occur

C) Naked DNA will pass from one bacterium to another

D) A virus is required to transfer of genetic material

E) Bacterium to bacterium contact is required

21) The reaction catalyzed by reverse transcriptase is

A) DNA → mRNA.

B) mRNA → cDNA.

C) mRNA → protein.

D) DNA → DNA.

E) tRNA → mRNA.

22) Which of the following is an advantage of using E. coli to make a human gene product?

A) Endotoxin may be in the product.

B) It does not secrete most proteins.

C) Its genes are well known.

D) It cannot process introns.

E) Endotoxin may be in the product and it does not secrete most proteins.

23) Biotechnology involves the

A) use of microorganisms to make desired products.

B) use of animal cells to make vaccines.

C) development of disease-resistant crop plants.

D) use of microorganisms to make desired products and the use of animal cells to make vaccines.

E) use of microorganisms to make desired products, the use of animal cells to make vaccines, and the development of disease-resistant crop plants.

24) In Figure 9.4, the bacteria transformed with the recombinant plasmid and plated on media containing ampicillin and X-gal will

A) form blue, ampicillin-resistant colonies.

B) form blue, ampicillin-sensitive colonies.

C) form white, ampicillin-resistant colonies.

D) form white, ampicillin-sensitive colonies.

E) not grow.

25) Which of the following techniques is NOT used to introduce recombinant DNA into plants?

A) gene guns

B) protoplast fusion

C) Ti plasmids and Agrobacterium

D) microinjection

E) electroporation