Reference no: EM132581665

Simulate the effect of Natural Selection: - By default, all three genotypes have a fitness equal to 1.0. Assuming that the A1 allele is dominant over A2 and that the latter in a homozygous condition carries an adaptive disadvantage (A2 is deleterious), assign a fitness of 0.98 to the A2A2 genotype leaving the other values ??the same. - Now assume that each of the genotypes A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 have a fitness of 1.0, 0.97 and 0.95, respectively, that is, they are differentially affected by Natural Selection. - Simulates the two previous cases, but decreasing the population size to 20. Questions: In the first case, what happens to the frequency of the A2 allele after 500 generations? Why do you think it is never removed from the population? In the second case, what about the frequency of the A2 allele? How does it differ from the previous simulation? If the two previous cases in a population with only 20 individuals, what about the frequencies of the two alleles? Is there any chance that the advantageous allele (A1) could be lost and the disadvantageous (A2) fixed (frequency = 1.0)? In this case, various evolutionary forces such as Natural Selection and Genetic Drift are competing. Since Natural Selection could affect a certain allele, A1 in this case, could Genetic Drift avoid this effect? If this happened, what would be the risk for the adaptation of the populations to their environment?