Reference no: EM13823282

Question 1. According to Aristotle, happiness is:

a contented state of mind.
as much pleasure and as little pain as possible.
feeling good about oneself.
a life that is lived well.

Question 2. What would best express Colonel Nicholson's (Alec Guinness) view regarding what makes a soldier, as expressed in the The Bridge on the River Kwai clip?

The virtues of a good soldier are consistent no matter the circumstance.
A good solider only acts virtuously when it benefits himself and his country.
The good soldier regards the enemy as having less intrinsic worth than one's own people.
All of the above.

Question 3. In his discussion of virtue and honor in the military, what does Robinson consider to be the relation between integrity and magnanimity?

They both should be pursued to the greatest extent possible.
The inner honor of integrity should always take priority over the outer honors associated with magnanimity.
Finding a suitable balance between the two helps prevent the excesses of each on its own.
The prospect of honors from one's peers is the only realistic motivation for a soldier to act virtuously.
None of the above.

Question 4. In Aristotle's view, the virtues are:

acquired through habit.
acquired through philosophical reflection.
a gift from the gods.
something we are either born with or not.

Question 5. Robinson argues that integrity should be regarded as:

An absolute value in all military activities
An absolute value in the honor group
An absolute value only on the battlefield
An absolute value only for noncombatants
None of the above

Question 6. Robinson suggests that the more closely one associates with one's identity with a certain group, the more one will

Associate one's honor with defying the honor of the group
Associate one's honor with that of the group
Associate one's honor with that of the enemy group
Associate one's honor with the honor of prudence
None of the above

Question 7. Robinson argues that honor

Encourages restraint in warfare
Encourages heroism in warfare
Encourages the waging of war
Encourages abuse in warfare
All of the above

Question 8. In Hill's example, what did the wealthy eccentric man do to his yard after he bought a new house?

cut down an avocado tree
covered the yard with asphalt
remodeled the kitchen
1 and 2

Question 9. Most definitions of honor regard it as having the following two elements:

Internal and external
Subjective and personal
Constructive and deductive
Military and civilian
None of the above

Question 10. Aristotle conceives of a virtue as:

a rule that tells you what the right action is.
a state of character that enables practically wise choices.
a positive self-image.
a way to gain as much pleasure as possible.

Question 11. Hill claims that a fruitful way to think about the badness of destroying the environment is:

To think about what kind of human would choose to destroy the earth.
To appeal to theories about God and care for the earth.
To examine people's intuitions about whether it is right to harm the environment.
To examine the rights that belong to the environment and act on the basis of those rights.

Question 12. Aristotle states that if we ask what the highest good of human action is:

there is no agreement about the answer.
most people agree that it is pleasure.
nearly everyone agrees that it is happiness.
there is no objective answer to this question.

Question 13. Aristotle claims that the function of human life is:

survival and reproduction.
service to the gods.
rational activity.
to pursue pleasure.

Question 14. According to Thomas Hill's account of environmental ethics, a person might show a lack of virtue when they:

fail to realize that human needs and interests are worthless and unimportant.
fail find any aesthetic value in nature.
fail to recognize the rights of nonsentient beings.
All of the above.

Question 15. Robinson agrees with Aquinas' idea that

Honor is a subjective quality
Honor is secondary to integrity
Honor must be displayed in action
Honor is secondary to magnanimity
None of the above

Question 16. Robinson describes magnanimity as the mean between the extremes of:

Vanity and vice
Generosity and selfishness
Generosity and greed
Vanity and pusillanimity
None of the above

Question 17. In what way would Hill's notion of "self-acceptance" correspond to Aristotle's conception of eudaimonia?

They both are inherently selfish and contrary to virtue.
They both require the virtues of arrogance and pride.
Neither has anything to do with ethics.
They both involve acknowledging that we are the sorts of creatures we are.

Question 18. According to Aristotle, we should begin ethical inquiry by specifying:

which things are intrinsically valuable.
the ultimate aim of all that we do.
what our fundamental duties are.
what constraints on behavior it would be reasonable to agree to.

Question 19. Hill would claim that a lack of aesthetic perception

might indicate an inability to appreciate the true value of things in general.
might indicate that the person simply has a different set of subjective tastes.
might indicate that one lacks a precise philosophical account of the beautiful.
might indicate an inability to express proper self-deception.

Question 20. Which of the following would be an idea shared both by the teacher (Kevin Kline) from the clip of The Emperor's Club, and by either MacIntyre or Aristotle (or both)?

If you act dishonestly, you are bound to eventually get caught, and that is why you should always be honest.
If one exercises the virtues like honesty, one is bound to achieve greater wealth, success, and honor.
Cheating might lead to external success, but at the cost of internal failure.

Watch what you say because you never know who might be listening.