Reference no: EM132412739

1. A 36-year-old woman who had been taking aspirin for back pain experiences a sudden episode of tachycardia and feeling faint, accompanied by vomiting of coffee-ground emesis and the passing of a tarry stool. She relays that she has not had any signs of a "stomach ulcer" such as pain or heartburn.

a. Relate the mucosal protective effects of prostaglandins to the development of peptic ulcers associated with aspirin or NSAID use.

b. Explain the apparent suddenness of the bleeding and the fact that the woman did not experience pain as a warning sign.

c. Among the results of her initial lab testing is an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Explain the reason for this.

2. A 29-year-old woman has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. Her medical history reveals that she began having symptoms of the disease at 24 years of age and that her mother died from complications of the disease at 54 years of age. She complains of diarrhea and chronic cramping abdominal pain.

a. Define the term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare the pathologic processes and manifestations of Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis.

b. Describe the possible association between genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn disease