Reference no: EM133715183

Summarize and shorten and include references: Your reflection on the flaws of deontology is well thought out and you've made some valid points. Firstly, you've pointed out the binary nature of deontology, which categorizes actions as either right or wrong, without considering the consequences. This is indeed a criticism often leveled at deontological ethics, as it can lead to morally questionable outcomes. For example, if telling the truth would cause harm, deontology would still consider it the right action because it adheres to the moral duty of honesty. Secondly, you've highlighted the contradictions within deontology, particularly Kant's concept of "contradictions in conception" and "contradictions in will". This is a complex issue, but essentially, Kant believed that if a moral rule leads to a contradiction when universalized, it should not be followed. This can be problematic, as you've pointed out, because it doesn't allow for individual circumstances. Regarding the issue of organ donors on the black market, a deontologist would likely argue that obtaining organs through illegal means is wrong, regardless of the potential benefit to the recipient. This is because deontology emphasizes the importance of moral duties and rules, and breaking the law would be considered a violation of these duties. Finally, you've raised an important point about the inclusivity of deontology. Kant's definition of a person as a rational being excludes those who are incapable of rationality, such as children or individuals with certain disabilities. This is a significant flaw in deontological ethics, as it suggests that these individuals do not have the same moral worth as others. In conclusion, while deontology provides a clear framework for moral decision-making, it is not without its flaws. It can lead to morally questionable outcomes, it can be contradictory, and it may not be inclusive of all individuals. Reference: Kranak, J. (2019). "Kantian Deontology". In G. Matthews (Ed.), Introduction to Philosophy: Ethics (pp. 53-64).