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Question 1:
For each of the following studies indicate whether the results are more likely to be to be due to a spurious or non-causal association or a causal association. In 2-4 sentences each, explain the reasoning behind your answer using the nine guidelines for judging whether an observed association is causal. You do not need to go through each guideline for each study, but select and discuss those that are most relevant to your response.
a. A case-control study found that there was a moderate to strong association between caffeine consumption and death from liver cancer. Other studies have shown that those who drink coffee are more likely to smoke than those who do not drink coffee.
b. A randomized controlled trial showed that consistent phototherapy (light therapy) significantly reduced the adverse effects of Seasonal Affective Disorder among Scandinavian males. This finding was confirmed in subsequent studies.
c. A large epidemiologic study examined the possible association between 20 lifestyle behaviors and teen pregnancy. The study found a significant positive relationship between seatbelt use and teen pregnancy that had not been previously reported in an epi study.
Question 2:
Other than those used in your textbook, provide an example of a necessary but not sufficient cause for a disease. You may choose any cause and disease, but be sure to describe how your example is a necessary but not sufficient cause. You should be able to adequately respond in 2-4 sentences but may write more if you wish.
Short Paper on Cross-cultural Opportunities and Conflicts in Canada.
Sociology are very fundamental in nature. Role strain and role constraint speak about the duties and responsibilities of the roles of people in society or in a group. A short theory about Darwin and Moths is also answered.
This review will help the reader understand the social work profession through different concepts giving the glimpse of why the social work profession might have drifted away from its original purpose of serving the poor.
Schizophrenia does not really have just one single cause. It is a possibility that this disorder could be inherited but not all doctors are sure.
Individual Assignment : Two Models Handout and Rubric, This paper will allow you to understand and evaluate two vastly different organizational models and to effectively communicate their differences.
The following report includes the description about the organization, its strategies, industry analysis in which it operates and its position in the industry.
In this study, we examine how gasoline price volatility and income of the consumers impacts consumer's demand for gasoline.
Economics thesis undergrad 4th year paper to write. it should be about 22 pages in length, literature review, economic analysis and then data or cost benefit analysis.
The paper aims to highlight the global trends in countries and regions where 3G has already been introduced and propose an implementation plan to the telecom operators of developing countries.
Prepare the power point presentation for the case: Santa Fe Independent School District
Information literacy is critically important in this contemporary environment
Write a definition for associative property of multiplication.
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