Propensity for drug abuse as well as withdrawal symptoms

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The time of drug onset and duration of action are important in determining the propensity for drug abuse as well as the withdrawal symptoms that are expected to be experienced. Fast onset drugs, for instance intravenous heroin or some barbiturates, provide a fast and potent high that makes the user more likely to become dependent and abuse the drug (Volkow and Koob, 2020). On the other hand, slower onset drugs for instance oral methadone has slow onset of action and the effects are not as abrupt as in the faster acting drugs thus reducing the likelihood of abuse (Kosten and George, 2021). The duration of action also has an effect; the short-acting drugs need to be taken more often, and therefore the patient becomes more dependent on them; on the other hand, long-acting drugs cause milder withdrawal symptoms, but the patient may still develop dependence on them (Gowing, 2020). When comparing sedatives, barbiturates have a high potential for abuse because of their fast onset and potency followed by a high risk of overdose and PARO with life threatening complications (Nutt., 2020). Benzodiazepines have slow onset and long duration of action and are less hazardous but can also.

Reference no: EM133816936

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