Reference no: EM13775239

Question 1. In the article "War and Massacre," Thomas Nagel argues that moral absolutism

• is consistent with the principles of utilitarianism
• can be used to justify genocide
• is primarily concerned with what a person is doing
• is primarily concerned with the outcome of a person's actions

Question 2. According to Thomas Nagel's article, "War and Massacre," the absolutist position that creates no problems of interpretation is

• rule utilitarianism
• act utilitarianism
• pacifism
• humanitarian intervention

Question 3. In Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, the maxim of an act is:

• the policy or principle that you would be following if you did it.
• the expected overall utility resulting from the action.
• the moral rule that an act either respects or violates .
• all of the above.

Question 4. Thomas Nagel argues that all rules of engagement should be governed by the utilitarian principle that

• any means can be justified if it leads to a worthy end
• the greatest good can justify targeting noncombatants
• we are always justified in attacking the tyranny of the majority
• none of the above

Question 5. According to the video, "Religion, War, and Violence," for a war to be considered just, it must

• be aimed at repelling aggression
• have a strong probability of success
• must be only used as a last resort
• all of the above

Question 6. According to Nagel, which of the following may be permitted by absolutism, at least in some circumstances?

• Intentionally killing an innocent person
• Doing something that brings about an innocent person's death
• Dropping a nuclear bomb on an enemy city
• Torturing an innocent person

Question 7. According to Nagel, to which of the following groups of people is hostility most appropriately aimed?

• Innocents
• Civilians
• Combatants
• Non-combatants

Question 8. Jeremy Waldron argues that the current use of drone warfare is unethical because

• it is conducted by unlawful combatants such as CIA personnel who are not subject to military ethics
• it is conducted by individuals who are thousands of miles removed from targets
• it may result in unintended civilian casualties
• all of the above

Question 9. Nagel's argument that hostility or aggression should be directed at its true object means that which of the following would probably not be permissible?

• Torturing a prisoner to get the names of his confederates.
• Attacking an enemy country's agricultural system.
• Bombing major cultural centers.
• All of the above.

Question 10. According to Kant, the moral worth of an action:

• lies in its conformity to the moral law.
• lies in the value of the expected result.
• lies in its conformity to God's commands.
• lies in its usefulness to society.

Question 11. According to the video "Religion, War, and Violence," Just War Theory asserts that military intervention

• can be seen as an act of altruism
• must always have an altruistic component
• must be primarily an act of altruism
• must never have an altruistic component

Question 12. In the article "War and Massacre," Thomas Nagel argues that utilitarianism

• is primarily concerned with what should happen
• is primary concerned with what will happen
• is primarily concerned with theory over practice
• is primarily concerned with universal justice

Question 13. Reason is a faculty that we have that:

• is only good if it succeeds in satisfying our desires.
• is the driving principle of a good will.
• is the fundamental ground of human dignity.
• both B and C

Question 14. Kant explains that respect for a person is:

• the recognition of the worth of the person's potential contribution to society.
• dependent upon whether the person respects others.
• both A and B
• none of the above.

Question 15. According to the video "Religion, War, and Violence," proponents of Just War Theory agree that without the restraints of Just War Theory

• the violence and aggression of war would be worse
• humanitarian intervention would be more successful
• prisoners and noncombatants would have greater equality
• none of the above

Question 16. Kant claims that a good will is:

• something that can only be called good with qualification.
• the only thing that can be called good without qualification.
• that which makes qualified goods like character traits morally good.
• both B and C.

Question 17. Kant argues that when I find someone in need:

• I should give whatever spare resources I have unless it makes me worse off than the person I'm trying to help.
• I should consider a world in which no one helped me when I was in need, recognize that I could never will such a world, and help them in the best way that I can.
• I should sympathize with them, but recognize that the world is better off overall if we each only look after our own interests.
• I should remember that as autonomous beings they are responsible for their own situation, and thus that I have no responsibility to help them out.

Question 18. In the video "Drones Are Not Ethical and Effective," Jeremy Waldron argues that drones are not ethical because their use involves

• total transparency and accountability
• the assurance that only combatants will be targeted
• the maintenance of a secret death list by government authorities
• all of the above

Question 19. Nagel argues that the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were just like what other kind of action, just on a larger scale?

• Killing the wife and child of someone attacking you in order to distract him from his attack.
• Bombing a munitions factory and killing some of the civilian workers inside.
• Firing at an enemy soldier and hitting an innocent bystander with a stray bullet.
• Bombing a convoy of enemy soldiers.

Question 20. According to Kant, persons:

• are rational beings.
• must always be regarded as an end.
• have absolute value.
• all of the above.