Reference no: EM13857568
Q1: How would each of the following problems in the standardization of KMnO4 affect the measured value of the KMnO4 molarity (make it larger, smaller, both larger and smaller or have no effect). Explain why. Specify if the problem that occurs in each measurement affects mostly precision or accuracy of the measurement.
Answers: larger molarity of KMnO4
i) overshooting the end point:Increasing molarity of KMnO4
Effect:
Explanation:
ii) the primary standard dissolved in larger than prescribed amount of water:
Effect: No effect
Explanation: If the amount of water is less than prescribed, then the molarity of the solution will stay the same. This is because the same amount of KMnO4 would be required to titrate the same amount of Na2C2O4 in the solution. This does not affect precision or accuracy.
iii) wet primary standard:
Effect: smaller molarity of KMnO4
Explanation:A wet primary standard affects the concentration of Na2C2O4, since the larger amount of Na2C2O4wouldrequire more volume of KMnO4.This would result in an increase of volume and decrease in molar weight.The decreased molarity of KMnO4 would affect the accuracy of the measurement, as this error affects the concentration of the Na2C2O4 and cannot be attributed to randomness.
iv) a dirty buret (drops of KMnO4 remain on a buret wall)
Effect: Smaller molarity of KMnO4
Explanation:A dirty buret wouldincrease the volume of KMnO4 required for titration due to impurities. This would result in larger final volume measured.This would affect the accuracy of the measurement.
v) few drops of titrant didn't make it into the solution:
Effect: smaller molarity of KMnO4
Explanation:
If a few drops of titrant didn't make it into the solution, then the molarity will decrease due to the greater recorded volume used. It would result in decreased accuracy because this would result in a value farther from the true value of KMnO4. It cannot be attributed to randomness.
vi) buretreading errors:
Effect: Either larger or smaller molarity of KMnO4
Explanation:If read incorrectly, then the volume of KMnO4will be inaccurate. It would result in an increase or decrease in molarity, depending on the reading error. Because reading error is not duplicable and the error is random rather than systematic, the precision will be mostly affected by this type of error.
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