Reference no: EM132016994

They are all True or False question. 

1. In the glycolytic pathway ATP is synthesized by which substrate-level phosphorylation. True or False

2. For Reaction 1 of glycolysis, hexokinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to glucose to form glucose-1-phosphate, ADP, and a H⁺.

3. Phosphoglucose isomerase uses acid catalysis to open the glucose-6-phosphate ring; then it uses acid-base catalysis to transfer protons and close the ring structure to form fructose-6-phosphate.

4. Phosphofructokinase catalyzes the nucleophilic attack of the C1-OH group from fructose-6-phosphate on an electrophilic phosphorus atom of the Mg²⁺-ATP complex. This leads to the products fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, ADP, and H⁺.

5. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a toxic side product of glycolysis and requires the phosphoglycolate phosphatase rescue enzyme to prevent its deadly accumulation in mammalian cells.

6. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 1,3-bisphosphoglyerate are interconvertible.

7. A mutation in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase causes the absence of its sulfhydryl group in the catalytic site. This will not affect the rate of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. 

8. Phosphoglycerate mutase transfers the phosphate group bound to C₃ of a 3-phosphoglycerate to that same carbohydrate's C₂ to form 2-phosphoglycerate.

9. Pyruvate kinase catalyzes a series of endergonic reactions requiring free energy from other reactions of glycolysis.

10. Fructose metabolism differs between liver and muscle. In the liver, fructose is catalyzed into fructose-6-phosphate and then directly enters glycolysis.