Reference no: EM133467078

Question

According to the Center for Disease Control, social determinants of health (SDOH) are "nonmedical factors that influence health outcomes". These determinants include the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, as well as other forces that influence the conditions of our daily environment. These additional forces include economic policies and systems, development agendas, social norms, social policies, racism, climate change, and political systems (2022). Healthy People 2030 categorized SDOH into 5 categories that include economic stability, education access and quality, healthcare access and quality, neighborhood and build environment, and social and community context. They explain that SDOH health affect people's health, well-being, quality of life, and the likelihood of them experiencing health disparities and inequalities (Office of Disease Prevention and Heath Promotion, n.d.). SDOH contribute to the development of disease for this reason, if a person does not have access to healthy food, clean water, or adequate healthcare they are at a greater risk of developing illness and disease; so, the best way to reduce disease is by reducing health disparities.

The communicable disease model provides insight on how infection is spread. This model includes three elements including an infectious agent (bacteria, virus), host (plant, animal, human) and environment. In order, the chain of infection includes a communicable disease, a human reservoir, portal of exit, transmission, portal of entry, and the establishment of disease in a susceptible host (Baker, 2023). To break the link in this chain, the nurse must encourage the prevention of transmission. A few ways to prevent transmission are by administering vaccine, isolating or treating the reservoir, and interrupting infection that leaves the reservoir by practicing hygiene.