Reference no: EM132565878

1. What is the difference between a neutral mutation and a beneficial mutation?

a) Beneficial mutations occur more frequently

b) None of the above

c) Only beneficial mutations will persist in population

d) Selection will immediately eliminate neutral mutation but not beneficial mutations

e) The frequencies of beneficial mutations, but not neutral mutations, will increase over time as a result of neutral selection

2. If we want to know the percentage of particular genotypes within an actual population, assuming complete dominance and two alleles, the one measurement we have to actually make is of the frequency of the..

a) Heterozygous genotypes

b) Dominant phenotypes

c) Homozygous dominant genotypes

d) Recessive phenotypes

e) Heterozygous phenotypes

3. How many of these statements are correct? The fossil record provides convincing evidence for evolution since it supports the following..

i. Gradual change in species forms over time

ii. Physiology of ancestral species

iii. Continental drift

iv. Mass extinction

v. The hardy Weinberg equilibrium

4. Deleterious recessive alleles are not easily completely eliminated from the populations by neutral selection because

a) They are maintained by differential selection

b) They are selectively neutral

c) They are nit expressed phenotypically in heterozygotes

d) They are maintained by frequency dependent selection

They exist as balanced polymorphisms

5. The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis postulates

a) Speciation always happens at the core of the population and that large morphological changes are abrupt

b) Speciation always happens at the margins of populations and that large morphological changes are abrupt

c) Speciation always happens at the margins of population and that large morphological changes are slow and gradual

d) Speciation always happens at the core of the population and the large morphological changes are gradual

e) Species change slowly and gradually over time

6. A series of changes in a single lineage of species, without branching to create-additional species is called

a) Anagenesis

b) Adaptive radiation

c) Paedomorphosis

d) Punctuated equilibrium

e) Cladogenesis

7. Different genetic variants of individuals of same moth species co-exist in a single population due to differences in camouflage within the population. In this case genetic diversity is maintained through

a) Heterozygote advantage

b) Stabilizing selection

c) Differential selection within the same population

d) Positive frequency dependent selection

e) Negative frequency dependent selection

8. In the geographically isolated lake Malawi and lake Tanganyika many cichlid fishes evolved remarkably similar forms. This is an example of..

a) All options are correct

b) Shared characteristics are not directly linked to common ancestry

c) Adaptation to similar environmental conditions

d) Convergent evolution

e) The evolution of similar traits unrelated evolutionary lineages