Reference no: EM133322380

Questions

1. A newspaper claims that a "baby's brain is hardwired for math". This statement specifically relates to

Watson's claim that he can turn any child into anything he wants

the neonativistic claim that humans are born with some form of a module specialized for processing quantitative information

Gesell's claim that development is maturation

the idea of stages in development

2. Piaget's claim that children understand the meaning of counting before they develop an understanding of the meaning of number

With regard to the "big" questions, Piaget supported the following positions:

development is characterized by major intra-individual differences

there are qualitative changes in development

there are stages in development

development is often discontinuous

the development of thinking is holistic

3. Which of the following could be a slogan of neo-nativism

Development is totally flexible.

The newborn arrives with much "knowledge".

Knowledge is constructed from early reflexes.

Abilities completely arise from experiential learning.

Epigenetics is the core of development

4. Neo-nativism assumes that humans are born

with a module for processing quantitative information

with a "selfish-module"

with a module for understanding measurement

with some form of inborn aggressive behavior

with a module for texting

5. A typical theory of mind experiment is:

The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think your friend Pierre will say when he sees the closed box and is asked what is in the box?'".

The child sits in a room with the researcher. The researcher explains to the child: "I have three cookies for you. I have to go to another room. If you can wait with eating the cookies until I am back you will get three more coockies." The researcher then leaves the room and the child's behavior is observed.

The child sits in a room with the researcher. The researcher explains to the child: "I have a box with three cookies in it. What do you think your friend Pierre will guess how man cookies are in the box?"

The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think we should put into the box in order to trick your friend Pierre'".

The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think is in the box?". Then the box is opened and the child finds pencils. Lastly, the child is asked: "What do you think your friend Pierre will say when he sees the closed box and is asked what is in the box?'".

6. One of the following IS NOT a core-module in neo-nativistic theory:

Quantitative processing

Naive physics

Vision

Language

Naive psychology

7. Michelle is an 8-year-old who shows an understanding of seriation, classification, and conservation of number and amount but fails to understand other types of conservation problems. According to Piaget, what is the term for this behavior?

transcendental décalage, indicating that she is advanced in her development

perpendicular décalage, indicating that she is advanced in her development

horizontal décalage; Piaget considered this as not untypical

perpendicular décalage, indicating that she is somewhat delayed in her development

decalage horaire, indicating that she has a severe cognitive disability

8. Noam Chomsky's theory of language development is

based on the idea that certain features of language are inborn

based on the idea that language development is closely related to the development of logical reasoning

based on the idea that assimilation and accommodation play an important role in how new vocabulary is learned

based on behavioristic theory

similar to Piaget's theory

9. I explained the proposal that humans have a Language of Thought (LOT). Which statement is WRONG?

Jerry Fodor is one the theorists who proposed a LOT

Skinner supported the idea of a LOT

A neo-nativist could be sympathetic to the idea of a LOT

The idea of LOT is related to Chomsky's theory of language

Researchers following an information-processing theory could be sympathetic to the idea of a LOT

10. The theory of mind approach claims that a three-year old child ...

considers desires to be the same as beliefs

understands neither desires nor beliefs

understands only desires

understands desires and beliefs

understands desires and false-beliefs

11. According to Piaget, what characterizes (and also poses a limitation on) concrete-operational thought?

Structures for mental operations are tied to actual objects in the real world (i.e., thinking is still concrete)

Structures now include hypothetical outcomes and logical deductions

Structures revolve primarily around sensory and motor abilities

Structures are stronger linked to accommodation than assimilation

Structures no longer include reversibility

12. We talked about Piaget's explanation why children fail to understand the concept of conservation. One of the following is NOT an explanation according to Piaget?

Lack of understanding of the principle "reversibility"

Lack of understanding of the principles "compensation" and "reversibilty"

Lack of understanding of the principle "compensation"

Decalage horaire

Lack of understanding of the principle "identity"