Reference no: EM133322380
Questions
1. A newspaper claims that a "baby's brain is hardwired for math". This statement specifically relates to
Watson's claim that he can turn any child into anything he wants
the neonativistic claim that humans are born with some form of a module specialized for processing quantitative information
Gesell's claim that development is maturation
the idea of stages in development
2. Piaget's claim that children understand the meaning of counting before they develop an understanding of the meaning of number
With regard to the "big" questions, Piaget supported the following positions:
development is characterized by major intra-individual differences
there are qualitative changes in development
there are stages in development
development is often discontinuous
the development of thinking is holistic
3. Which of the following could be a slogan of neo-nativism
Development is totally flexible.
The newborn arrives with much "knowledge".
Knowledge is constructed from early reflexes.
Abilities completely arise from experiential learning.
Epigenetics is the core of development
4. Neo-nativism assumes that humans are born
with a module for processing quantitative information
with a "selfish-module"
with a module for understanding measurement
with some form of inborn aggressive behavior
with a module for texting
5. A typical theory of mind experiment is:
The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think your friend Pierre will say when he sees the closed box and is asked what is in the box?'".
The child sits in a room with the researcher. The researcher explains to the child: "I have three cookies for you. I have to go to another room. If you can wait with eating the cookies until I am back you will get three more coockies." The researcher then leaves the room and the child's behavior is observed.
The child sits in a room with the researcher. The researcher explains to the child: "I have a box with three cookies in it. What do you think your friend Pierre will guess how man cookies are in the box?"
The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think we should put into the box in order to trick your friend Pierre'".
The child is shown a box with the word "Smarties" written on it. Next, the child is asked: "What do you think is in the box?". Then the box is opened and the child finds pencils. Lastly, the child is asked: "What do you think your friend Pierre will say when he sees the closed box and is asked what is in the box?'".
6. One of the following IS NOT a core-module in neo-nativistic theory:
Quantitative processing
Naive physics
Vision
Language
Naive psychology
7. Michelle is an 8-year-old who shows an understanding of seriation, classification, and conservation of number and amount but fails to understand other types of conservation problems. According to Piaget, what is the term for this behavior?
transcendental décalage, indicating that she is advanced in her development
perpendicular décalage, indicating that she is advanced in her development
horizontal décalage; Piaget considered this as not untypical
perpendicular décalage, indicating that she is somewhat delayed in her development
decalage horaire, indicating that she has a severe cognitive disability
8. Noam Chomsky's theory of language development is
based on the idea that certain features of language are inborn
based on the idea that language development is closely related to the development of logical reasoning
based on the idea that assimilation and accommodation play an important role in how new vocabulary is learned
based on behavioristic theory
similar to Piaget's theory
9. I explained the proposal that humans have a Language of Thought (LOT). Which statement is WRONG?
Jerry Fodor is one the theorists who proposed a LOT
Skinner supported the idea of a LOT
A neo-nativist could be sympathetic to the idea of a LOT
The idea of LOT is related to Chomsky's theory of language
Researchers following an information-processing theory could be sympathetic to the idea of a LOT
10. The theory of mind approach claims that a three-year old child ...
considers desires to be the same as beliefs
understands neither desires nor beliefs
understands only desires
understands desires and beliefs
understands desires and false-beliefs
11. According to Piaget, what characterizes (and also poses a limitation on) concrete-operational thought?
Structures for mental operations are tied to actual objects in the real world (i.e., thinking is still concrete)
Structures now include hypothetical outcomes and logical deductions
Structures revolve primarily around sensory and motor abilities
Structures are stronger linked to accommodation than assimilation
Structures no longer include reversibility
12. We talked about Piaget's explanation why children fail to understand the concept of conservation. One of the following is NOT an explanation according to Piaget?
Lack of understanding of the principle "reversibility"
Lack of understanding of the principles "compensation" and "reversibilty"
Lack of understanding of the principle "compensation"
Decalage horaire
Lack of understanding of the principle "identity"