Reference no: EM133053356

Investor group FAIRR explains that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is driven by the overuse and over-prescription of antibiotics across multiple industries, from animal agriculture to pharmaceuticals. Overuse of antibiotics by livestock farmers to promote growth in otherwise healthy animals (to take one example) is putting the long-term efficacy of these vital drugs at risk. (In other words, there is an increasing risk that antibiotics will in future no longer be effective treatments for human disease due to overuse and over-prescription.)You have recently become aware of AMR and are concerned by it. You have also realised that a large part (approx. 10%) of the portfolio you manage, and the relevant benchmark against which you're measured, is invested in companies involved in livestock farming. A) Briefly describe what investment activities you would undertake to manage this issue in your portfolio as an ESG investor. Consider both integration and stewardship activities in the toolkit where relevant. B) Briefly explain how this issue could be considered a systemic risk by an ESG investor with a universal owner perspective? Specify the system it affects.C) Assume that there is a negative financial performance impact if these companies stopped using antibiotics. Despite this, how could an ESG investor with a universal owner perspective justify advocacy activities (such as lobbying governments) seeking to ban antibiotics in livestock farming?