Nature of drugs and drug offenses around world

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1. The war on drugs that began in the 1980s has had a significant impact on the nature of drugs and drug offenses around the world. What techniques did Colombian drug traffickers adopt after the fall of Medellin and Cali Cartels? How does social learning help us understand this phenomenon? How have modern day Colombian traffickers evaded capture by local government? What recommendations do you have to counter drug trafficking today?

2. Deterrence is the idea that individuals can be prevented from committing crime and is part of the foundational approach to many criminal justice systems. Arguably, we can be deterred in two ways, 1) specific deterrence and 2) general deterrence. Specific deterrence implies that an individual is deterred directly through punishment (i.e.: death penalty, incarceration, or even probation). General deterrence implies that others can be deterred through visualizing and knowing that individuals are punished, and thus others do not engage in deviant behavior from fear of being punished themselves. Critics of this perspective argue that individuals continue to commit crime (think about crime trends). How would you justify deterrence as a useful mechanism of crime prevention? Can this be applicable, or has it been applicable in a transnational or international forum? Use specific examples/case studies.

3. Explain the importance of measuring crime rates in the US and beyond. What are some data highlighting these sources (i.e.: locations, crime, etc.) provide? What are some of the strengths and weaknesses of these data sources? What particular source do you believe does a better job above the rest, and why. Can you think of other international data that nations and international organizations should consider collecting?

4. What are some of the policy implications if we adopt the idea that criminals are born criminal, and that certain biological features of an individual determine criminal capabilities? What can this mean for policy in countries around the world in fighting transnational and international crimes? How might differences in political, religious, and economic circumstances impact these decisions?

Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T., & Ball, R. A. (2019). Criminological theory: Context and consequences.

Reference no: EM133594691

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