Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies

Reference no: EM133195566

Multicultural and Social Justice counseling competencies pg. 591-600

The Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC), which revises the Multicultural Counseling Competencies (MCC) developed by Sue, Arredondo, and McDavis (1992) offers counselors and psychologists a framework to implement multicultural and social justice competencies into counseling theories, practices, and research. A conceptual framework (see Figure 1) of the MSJCC is provided to illustrate a visual map of the relationship between the constructs and com-petencies being articulated within the MSJCC. Moreover, quadrants are used to highlight the intersec-tion of identities and the dynamics of power, privilege, and oppression that influence the counseling relationship. Developmental domains reflect the different layers that lead to multicultural and social justice competence: (1) counselor self-awareness, (2) client worldview, (3) counseling relationship, and (4) counseling and advocacy interventions. Embedded within the first three developmental domains of the MSJCC are the following aspirational competencies: attitudes and beliefs, knowledge, skills, and action (AKSA). The socioecological model is incorporated within the counseling and advocacy inter-ventions domain to provide counselors a multilevel framework for individual counseling and social justice advocacy.

Multicultural and Social JuStice counSeling coMpetencieS i. counselor Self-awareness Privileged and marginalized counselors develop self-awareness, so that they may explore their attitudes and beliefs, develop knowledge, skills, and action relative to their self-awareness and worldview. 1. Attitudes and beliefs: Privileged and marginalized counselors are aware of their so-cial identities, social group statuses, power, privilege, oppression, strengths, limitations, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, and biases.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acknowledge their assumptions, worldviews, values, beliefs, and biases as members of privileged and marginalized groups.
Acknowledge their privileged and marginalized status in society.
Acknowledge their privileged and marginalized status influences their worldview.
Acknowledge their privileged and marginalized status provides advantages and disad-vantages in society.
Acknowledge openness to learning about their cultural background as well as their privileged and marginalized status.

2. Knowledge:

Privileged and marginalized counselors possess an understanding of their social identities, social group statuses, power, privilege, oppression, strengths, limita-tions, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, and biases

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Develop knowledge of resources to become aware of their assumptions, worldviews, values, beliefs, biases, and privileged and marginalized status.
Develop knowledge about the history and events that shape their privileged and mar-ginalized status.
Develop knowledge of theories that explain how their privileged and marginalized status influences their experiences and worldview.
Develop knowledge of how their privileged and marginalized status leads to advan-tages and disadvantages in society.

3. Skills: Privileged and marginalized counselors possess skills that enrich their understanding of their social identities, social group statuses, power, privilege, oppression, limitations, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, and biases. Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acquire reflective and critical thinking skills to gain insight into their assumptions, worldviews, values, beliefs, biases, and privileged and marginalized status.
Acquire communication skills to explain how their privileged and marginalized status influences their worldview and experiences.
Acquire application skills to interpret knowledge of their privileged and marginalized status in personal and professional settings.
Acquire analytical skills to compare and contrast their privileged and marginalized status and experiences to others.
Acquire evaluation skills to assess the degree to which their privileged and marginal-ized status influences their personal and professional experiences.

4. Action: Privileged and marginalized counselors take action to increase self-awareness of their social identities, social group statuses, power, privilege, oppression, strengths, limitations, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, and biases. Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Take action to learn about their assumptions, worldviews, values, beliefs, biases, and culture as a member of a privileged and marginalized group.
Take action to seek out professional development opportunities to learn more about themselves as a member of a privileged or marginalized group.
Take action to immerse themselves in their community to learn about how power, privilege, and oppression influence their privileged and marginalized experiences.Take action to learn about their assumptions, worldviews, values, beliefs, biases, and culture as a member of a privileged and marginalized group.
Take action to seek out professional development opportunities to learn more about themselves as a member of a privileged or marginalized group.
Take action to immerse themselves in their community to learn about how power, privilege, and oppression influence their privileged and marginalized experiences.
Take action to learn about how their communication style is influenced by their privileged and marginalized status.

ii. client Worldview

Privileged and marginalized counselors are aware, knowledgeable, skilled, and action-oriented in understanding clients' worldview.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acknowledge a need to possess a curiosity for privileged and marginalized clients' his-tory, worldview, cultural background, values, beliefs, biases, and experiences.
Acknowledge that identity development influences the worldviews and lived experi-ences of privileged and marginalized clients.
Acknowledge their strengths and limitations in working with clients from privileged and marginalized groups.
Acknowledge that learning about privileged and marginalized clients may sometimes be an uncomfortable or unfamiliar experience.
Acknowledge that learning about clients' privileged and marginalized status is a life-long endeavor.
Acknowledge the importance of reflecting on the attitudes, beliefs, prejudices, and biases they hold about privileged and marginalized clients.
Acknowledge that there are within-group differences and between-group similarities and differences among privileged and marginalized clients.
Acknowledge clients' communication style is influenced by their privileged and mar-ginalized status.

2. Knowledge: Privileged and marginalized counselors possess knowledge of clients' world-view, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group sta-tuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression. Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Develop knowledge of historical events and current issues that shape the worldview, cultural background, values, beliefs, biases, and experiences of privileged and margin-alized clients.
Develop knowledge of how stereotypes, discrimination, power, privilege, and oppres-sion influence privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of multicultural and social justice theories, identity development models, and research pertaining to the worldview, culture, and life experiences of priv-ileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of their strengths and limitations in working with clients from privileged and marginalized groups.
Develop knowledge of how to work through the discomfort that comes with learning about privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop a lifelong plan to acquire knowledge of clients' privileged and marginalized status.
Develop knowledge of the attitudes, beliefs, prejudices, and biases they hold about privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of the individual, group, and universal dimensions of human existence of their privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of the communication style of their privileged and marginalized client (e.g., high context vs. low context communication, eye contact, orientation to time and space, etc.).

3. Skills: Privileged and marginalized counselors possess skills that enrich their understand-ing of clients' worldview, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acquire culturally responsive evaluation skills to analyze how historical events and current issues shape the worldview, cultural background, values, beliefs, biases, and experiences of privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive critical thinking skills to gain insight into how stereo-types, discrimination, power, privilege, and oppression influence privileged and mar-ginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive application skills to apply knowledge of multicultural and social justice theories, identity development models, and research to one's work with privileged and marginalized clients.
Possess culturally responsive assessment skills to identify limitations and strengths when working with privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive reflection skills needed to work through the discomfort that comes with learning about privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive conceptualization skills to explain how clients' privi-leged and marginalized status influence their culture, worldview, experiences, and pre-senting problem.
Acquire culturally responsive analytical skills to interpret the attitudes, beliefs, preju-dices, and biases they hold about privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive conceptualization skills to identify the individual, group, and universal dimensions of human existence of privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire culturally responsive cross-cultural communication skills to interact with privileged and marginalized clients.

4. Action: Privileged and marginalized counselors take action to increase self-awareness of clients' worldview, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression. Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Take action by seeking out formal and informal opportunities to engage in dis-course about historical events and current issues that shape the worldview, cultural background, values, beliefs, biases, and experiences of privileged and marginalized clients.
Take action by attending professional development trainings to learn how stereotypes, discrimination, power, privilege, and oppression influence privileged and marginalized clients.

Take action by applying multicultural and social justice theories, identity development models, and research to one's work with privileged and marginalized clients.

Take action by assessing one's limitations and strengths when working with privileged and marginalized clients on a consistent basis.
Take action by immersing oneself in the communities in which privileged and margin-alized clients reside to work through the discomfort that comes with learning about privileged and marginalized clients.
Take action by using language to explain how clients' privileged and marginalized status influence their culture, worldview, experiences, and presenting problem.
Take action by pursuing culturally responsive counseling to explore the attitudes, beliefs, prejudices, and biases they hold about privileged and marginalized clients.

Take action by collaborating with clients to identify the individual, group, and universal dimensions of human existence that shape the identities of privileged and marginalized clients.

Take action by consistently demonstrating cross-cultural communication skills required to effectively interact with privileged and marginalized clients.

iii. counseling relationship

Privileged and marginalized counselors are aware, knowledgeable, skilled, and action-oriented in understanding how client and counselor privileged and marginalized statuses influence the counseling relationship. 1. Attitudes and beliefs: Privileged and marginalized counselors are aware of how client and counselor worldviews, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression influence the counseling relationship.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acknowledge that the worldviews, values, beliefs and biases held by privileged and marginalized counselors and clients will positively or negatively influence the coun-seling relationship.
Acknowledge that counselor and client identity development shapes the counseling relationship to varying degrees for privileged and marginalized clients.
Acknowledge that the privileged and marginalized status of counselors and clients will influence the counseling relationship to varying degrees.
Acknowledge that culture, stereotypes, discrimination, power, privilege, and oppres-sion influence the counseling relationship with privileged and marginalized group clients.
Acknowledge that the counseling relationship may extend beyond the traditional office setting and into the community.
Acknowledge that cross-cultural communication is key to connecting with privileged and marginalized clients.

2. Knowledge: Privileged and marginalized counselors possess knowledge of how client and counselor worldviews, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression influence the counseling relationship.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Develop knowledge of the worldviews, values, beliefs and biases held by privileged and marginalized counselors and clients and its influence the counseling relationship.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Develop knowledge of the worldviews, values, beliefs and biases held by privileged and marginalized counselors and clients and its influence on the counseling relationship.
Develop knowledge of identity development theories and how they influence the coun-seling relationship with privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of theories explaining how counselor and clients' privileged and marginalized statuses influence the counseling relationship.
Develop knowledge of how culture, stereotypes, discrimination, power, privilege, and oppression strengthen and hinder the counseling relationship with privileged and mar-ginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of when to use individual counseling and when to use systems advocacy with privileged and marginalized clients.
Develop knowledge of cross-cultural communication theories when working with privileged and marginalized clients.

3. Skills: Privileged and marginalized counselors possess skills to engage in discussions with clients about how client and counselor worldviews, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, power, privilege, and oppression influence the counseling relationship.

Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Acquire assessment skills to determine how the worldviews, values, beliefs and biases held by privileged and marginalized counselors and clients influence the counseling relationship.
Acquire analytical skills to identify how the identity development of counselors and clients influence the counseling relationship.
Acquire application skills to apply knowledge of theories explaining how counse-lor and clients' privileged and marginalized statuses influence the counseling relationship.
Acquire assessment skills regarding how culture, stereotypes, prejudice, discrimina-tion, power, privilege, and oppression influence the counseling relationship with privi-leged and marginalized clients.
Acquire evaluation skills to determine when individual counseling or systems advo-cacy is needed with privileged and marginalized clients.
Acquire cross-cultural communication skills to connect with privileged and marginal-ized clients.

4. Action: Privileged and marginalized counselors take action to increase their understand-ing of how client and counselor worldviews, assumptions, attitudes, values, beliefs, biases, social identities, social group statuses, and experiences with power, privilege, and oppression influence the counseling relationship. Multicultural and social justice competent counselors:

Take action by initiating conversations to determine how the worldviews, values, beliefs and biases held by privileged and marginalized counselors and clients influence the counseling relationship.
Take action by collaborating with clients to determine whether individual counseling or systems advocacy is needed with privileged and marginalized clients.
Take action by using cross-communication skills to connect with privileged and marginalized clients.

Reference no: EM133195566

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