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Question: Early in development, most human cells turn off expression of an essential component of telomerase, the enzyme responsible for addition of telomere repeat sequences (5' TTAGGG 3') to the ends of chromosomes. Thus, as our cells proliferate, their telomeres get shorter and shorter, but are normally lost over the course of a lifetime. If cells are removed from the body and grown in culture, they ultimately enter a state of replicative senescence and stop dividing when their telomeres get too short. By contrast, most tumor cells, in humans and in cell culture, express active telomerase allowing them to maintain their telomeres and grow beyond the normal limit imposed by senescence. Anticipating a universal cure for cancer, you set up a company to screen chemical ‘libraries' for telomerase inhibitors. The company share price takes a tumble, when a rival group generates a strain of mice from which the telomerase genes have been deleted. These mice breed happily for several generations, but by the 6th generation (when their telomeres are much shorter than those of normal mice), they have a greatly increased tendency to die of tumors. The tumors tend to arise in tissues that show high proliferation rates, such as testis, skin, and blood. Why has this observation shaken the confidence of your investors? Is there a flaw in your hypothesis?
If a pea plant that is heterozygous for round, yellow peas (RrYy) is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for round peas but heterozygous for yellow peas (RRYy), how many dissimilar phenotypes are their offspring expected to show.
How could these three cell types be clearly and simply distinguished from each other in an experimental laboratory and how and where do these different cell types differentiate to their mature functional characteristics?
Explain about the cell wall and nucleoid of bacterial cell, their structure and composition in detail. Explain the functions of the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons in the nervous system in brief.
Determine which of the following molecules or substances contain, or are derived from, fatty acids?
Contained is a description of the signaling cascade that results from EGF stimulation of the Ras-MAPK pathway in cells.
Make the statement that there is an equal number of all four bases (A, T, C, G) and that the sequence of bases is random, how often will a single operator be expected to appear by chance. What factors or clues lead you to this diagnosis.
How various ATP equivalents are required to synthesize de novo one molecule of IMP, starting from ribose-5-phosphate? Presume that all required precursors in the pathway are present.
Some malignant tumors remain localized and encapsulated, at least for a time; an illustration is carcinoma in situ in the ovary or breast. Share your thoughts to describe this phenomenon.
Discuss the economic/health impact of any one species of harmful water molds. What is the effect of increase temperature on a non enzyme catalyzed reaction?
The Rural Development Agency of Upper Camumba has just received a grant that will allow it to electrify the valley of Chinga Creek. Eight villages should be linked to the main power net at minimum total cost. Costs for each potential link, in thousan..
Distinguish between mechanical advantages and disadvantages in lever systems and find out which kind of lever the doctor was using to test quadriceps muscle.
Research protist parasites in the Genus Giardia. Scientists have proposed that these organisms represent the "missing link" between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Explain the cellular structure of Giardia and describe how the cells are alike to typical ..
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