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Coal containing 5.0 wt% S is burned at a rate of 1250lbm/mm in a boiler furnace. All of the sulfur in the coal is oxidized to SO2. The product gas is sent to a scrubber in which most of the SO2 is removed, and the scrubbed gas then passes out of a stack. An Environmental Protection Agency regulation requires that the gas in (he stack must contain no more than 0.018lbm S02/lbm coal burned. To test compliance with this regulation a flow meter and an SO2 analyzer are mounted in the stack. The volumetric flow rate of the scrubbed gas is found to be 2867 ft3/s, and the SO2 analyzer reading is 37. Calibration data for the analyzer are given in the table below.
(a) Determine the equation that relates SO2 concentration in lbm/ft3 to the analyzer reading.
(b) Is the process in compliance with the EPA regulation?
(c) What percentage of the SO2 produced in the furnace is removed in the scrubber?
(d) An earlier EPA regulation set a limit on the mole fraction of SO2 in the gas emerging from the stack (as opposed to the quantity of SO2 emitted per mass of coal burned), but a way was found to release large quantities of SO2 from stacks without violating this regulation. Speculate on what the method of getting around the old regulation was.
Subject a piece of steel to a case hardening process in which carbon is forced by diffusion through a layer on the surface of the piece. For this purpose, the piece of steel will be placed in a carbon-rich atmosphere in a special furnace.
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