Knowledge of how membrane transport proteins work

Reference no: EM133224571

Assignment:

The beating of your heart relies on signaling from nerve cells and multiple membrane transport proteins shown in the diagram (note that some of these rely on ATP, which is not depicted here). Muscle cells have a specialized organelle called the sarcoplasmic reticulum depicted in the diagram (referred to as "organelle" in the diagram) that stores high concentrations of calcium (Ca²⁺). When the cardiac muscle cell receives a signal from the nerve cell, a voltage-gated calcium channel opens up to allow small amounts of calcium to move through it into the cell. These small amounts of calcium cause the Ca²⁺ gated Ca²⁺ ion channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane to open up and release massive amounts of Ca²⁺ into the cytosol of the cell, where high Ca+ levels cause the heart muscle cell to contract (beat).

1). Which direction do you expect the Na⁺/Ca²⁺to move its substrates through the cell membrane?

1. Both Na+ and Ca2+ into the cytosol

2. Both Na+ and Ca2+ outside of the cell

3. Na+ into the cytosol, and Ca2+ outside of the cell

4. Na+ outside of the cell, and Ca2+ into the cytosol

2). Based on the information provided, the Ca²⁺ gated Ca²⁺ ion channel is a passive transport mechanism.

True or False

3). If the Na+/K+ pump stopped working, which of the following would you expect to observe?

1. Na+ concentration would increase outside of the cell.

2. Ca2+ concentration would increase inside the cytosol of the cell

3. The rate of Ca2+ movement through the voltage-gated Ca2+ ion channel (in response to a neuron signal) would decrease.

4. More than one of these would occur.

4). Based on the diagram and your knowledge of how membrane transport proteins work, which direction do you expect the Ca²+ pump to move Ca²+ through the organelle membrane?

1. From the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

2. From the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol

3. It depends on the concentration of Ca2+ in the cytosol and the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Reference no: EM133224571

Questions Cloud

What microorganism-cocktail of microbes best fit this role : How do you identify what microorganism or cocktail of microbes best fit this role? Where will they come from?

Adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner : Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (AGPCNP) role and explain why. Use your research to support your explanations by providing credible

Explain why you want to follow up on the claim : What questions do you need to ask Mr. Doe's insurance company in order to determine if your MNT will be covered for Mr. Doe?

What role bacteriophages play in human health : Explain how bacteriophages benefit resident bacteria in the human body and describe what role bacteriophages play in human health.

Knowledge of how membrane transport proteins work : Your knowledge of how membrane transport proteins work, which direction do you expect the Ca2+ pump to move Ca2+ through the organelle membrane?

Is your policy topic important to the general public : Is your policy topic important to the general public? Are there any organizations involved in advocacy for or against existing policy? If not, why

Discuss the significance of salmonella contamination : Discuss the significance of Salmonella contamination with emphasis on the presence of Salmonella Enteriditis in shell eggs.

Unique narrative style : Bose uses a unique narrative style in the excerpt from My Kind of Girl, including first, second, and third person narrative voice.

Types of microscopes : Describe both beneficial and harmful effects microorganisms have on our lives. Describe 5 types of microscopes.

User Account

All Pages