Reference no: EM13940008

There will be a research and study performed on 500 diabetic patients out of which 300 will be women and 200 will be men. All these patients will be under the age range of 15 to 70 years. There will then be a study done on control population ( non - diabetic )  of 300 out of which 200 will be men and 100 will be women and age range will be the same as mentioned for diabetic patients.

The relationship between periodontal disease and Diabetes is bidirectional. An intense study and research by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III has proved that previous cases of diabetes is higher than in non-diabetes I,e 17.3% vs 9% (Soskolne& Klinger, 2001). Diabetes and periodontal disease are two pathological that are very destructive and emphasize each other. The bidirectional relationship between the two diseases is a quite an important study for dentists in making certain decisions for diabetic patients (Poplawska-Kita, Siewko, Szpak, Krol, Telejko, Klimiuk, Waszkiel, Gorska, &Szelachowska, 2013). After the intense study and researched occurred for more than 50 years for relationship between diabetes and periodontal diseases, it has come to conclusion that diabetes is main cause for increased condition, extent and seriousness of gingivitis and periodontitis (Mealey, 2007)

Inflammation is the significant side effect for both Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease. At the point when this irritation happens the inflammatory products which discharge are interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2. These items are extremely noticeable in periodontal tissues of uncontrolled diabetic patients. The other proof of this between connection is the progressed glycation finished items and receptors of end productsglycation final items are high for patients who experience the ill effects of periodontal disease. These glycation finished items are in charge of abundance provocative reaction to antigens.For diabetic patients the injury recuperating procedure is constantly postponed. This is a direct result of periodontal living beings assume an imperative part in upsetting the tissue repair handle by expanding the demise of framework delivering cells, this procedure is known as Apoptosis. Diabetes patients have a condition known as impeded neutrophil chemo taxis, which really could prompt expanded maintenance of neutrophil in periodontal tissues.

 Therefore the aim of the study is:

• Assessing the baseline knowledge about periodontal diseases in diabetic women.
• Creating awareness about the periodontal diseases by providing leaflets and informative booklets via medical centres, pharmacies and various healthcare organisations to diabetic women.
• Comparing the knowledge before and after the awareness about the periodontal diseases in diabetic women.

Research Plan, approach and significance

Methods:

The patients whom research will be carried out were attending the outpatient dental clinic. Included patients were type 2 Diabetic Mellitus patients who were aged 40 years and older with ≥ 6 remaining teeth. Patients who did not have teeth were excluded. The controls were non diabetic patients who were visiting the outpatient dental clinic.

Patients with HbA1C>7 will be considered for study and survey purpose, this means that they have diabetes condition and dentists will perform the dental examinations. These examinations will be performed which includes oral cavity examination which asses tooth count and location of tooth. The additional examinations such as local factors assessment, the soft tissue examination and periodontal examination which will then be performed with the detailed examination of gingival bleeding, calculus and clinical probing depth.

The study numbers include gender and age at which examination has occurred. These analysis will be carried out on both the genders who are aged 40 and above. These will include people with diabetes mellitus treatment as well as people without the diabetes mellitus diagnosis. The study will consist the factors such as brushing habits and flossing.

Then there will be a detailed assessment of the demographics will be performed. These assessment consists of periodontal probing depth, which means that all fully erupted teeth in the quadrants which will exclude the third molars. All the teeth will be examined for periodontal parameters only. This study will include patients who have 2 or more teeth with greater or equal to 5mm depth, Patients with 8 or more teeth present and who are without the aforementioned criteria will then be classified as no periodontitis. Then the total number of patients will be assessed and a line will be drawn between diabetic patients and patients who have controlled diabetes.