Reference no: EM13832622

DNA and RNA are both important characteristics of an organism and its successful purpose of healing and life in general. DNA has the critical task of replication and information storage within the cells of an organism. Proteins are exceptionally important as they create a mass that can later be distributed as a type of healing process.

Proteins are derived from RNA following the transcription process. "Genetic information generally flows from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to protein". This process takes place when the RNA binds to ribosomes turning the bound RNA into proteins. RNA is created from certain sections of DNA, though both DNA and RNA is very similar in structure, they differ in function.

There are five different cases where DNA and RNA are very similar but also very diverse; the first situation is that "RNA can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for its role in protein synthesis". The second situation is explained as, "RNA nucleotides containing sugar ribose" whereas, DNA contains deoxyribose. "Deoxyribose has oneless oxygen atom than ribose making this the only structural difference" between the two. (P.119) The third comparison is that "RNA contains the base (U) or uracil and DNA has a base of (T) or Thymine. In DNA, thymine can pair with both adenine and uracil and RNA can pair with adenine and uracil". While comparing and contrasting DNA and RNA we also discover that RNA has a single strand of nucleotides and DNA has two strands of nucleotides. Though RNA has a single strand of nucleotides, that single strand can fold back on itself creating short er double strands connected by what are called complementary base pairs. Last but not

least, "RNA molecules contain information from only one gene and DNA molecules carry information for hundreds of thousands of genes". As humans, our bodies are protected by several layers in an effort to prevent permanent and in the worst cases, even fatal damage. When we get burns, cuts and scrapes we develop scabs and eventually new skin to cover the temporarily unprotected area. All of our protective layers are made up of cells and in events of an injury or even the need for a more expedited response time; our body needs to have proteins to aid in healing, health and overall function. When we go to the doctor sometimes they may check our protein levels, if they are lower than they should be, this instigates rise for concern. If humans only had a single central repository of DNA, the proteins in our cells and DNA strands would not be made quickly enough to heal injuries or aid in appropriate response times. Some cells within our bodies as well as other organisms contain sections of DNA having a mass of tightly bundled proteins. With the tight bundle of proteins in these sections of DNA, RNA cannot be made. Simply put, as a complex organism consisting of trillions of cells rendering the requirement of regulation to maintain the body, should there be only one central repository of DNA, there would be a 'traffic jam' and potentially harmful cells could damage and entire organism before it could get 'fixed' or replaced by the central repository of DNA.