Reference no: EM132389985

Questions -

Q1. Roots and shoots share the same following primary tissues: ______________________.

A. vascular, endodermis, and pericycle

B. hairs and protective caps for the apical meristems

C. vascular, epidermis, and ground tissues

D. ground tissue and endodermis

Q2. Roots have the following primary tissues that are not found in stems: ______________________.

A. epidermis and pericycle

B. endodermis and pericycle

C. vascular and ground tissues

D. none of the above

Q3. The endodermis of the root acts like a ______________________.

A. filter system for water entering the xylem

B. barrier for excluding minerals from the transpiration stream

C. pump for pushing water upwards in the phloem

D. protective skin for keeping water from evaporating from the cortex

Q4. The pericycle is ______________________.

A. a protective tissue for the delicate cells of the xylem

B. an absorptive tissue for extracting minerals from the soil solution

C. a tissue whose function is unknown

D. a meristematic tissue responsible for the production of lateral roots

Q5. Root hairs ______________________.

A. are formed by meristematic activity of the pericycle

B. protect the root from damage from predators

C. are epidermal cells that absorb water and minerals

D. are found mostly on older portions of roots

Q6. The cortex of the root is composed of ______________________.

A. epidermal cells for protection

B. vessel elements for food conduction

C. fiber cells for strength and support

D. parenchyma cells for starch storage

Q7. Leaves ______________________.

A. lack vascular tissue

B. contain the same tissues as roots

C. have a cutinized epidermis

D. are produced by divisions of the pericycle

Q8. The hairs found on leaves ______________________.

A. function in attracting animals for pollination

B. function in photosynthesis

C. have a different function from root hairs

D. are structures for guttation

Q9. The spongy (lower) layer of leaf mesophyll is specialized for maximum______________________.

A. sunlight absorption

B. gas exchange

C. water retention

D. all of the above are correct

Q10. The upward movement of water and minerals in the xylem is called the ______________________.

A. assimilate stream

B. transpiration stream

C. photosynthesis stream

D. osmotic stream

Q11. The extinct "cycadeoids" differ from the modern extant cycads by having ______________.

A. primary tissues but no secondary tissues

B. unisexual pollen and seed cones

C. different morphology of the guard cells in the epidermis

D. flowers instead of cones

Q12. Cycads are dioecious, meaning that ______________.

A. there are no reproductive structures known

B. the plants drop their leaves each fall

C. there are separate male and female plants

D. they have male and female cones on the same plant

Q13. Unlike the seed cone of pines, the seed cone of cycads such as Cycas revoluta is ______________.

A. a complex structure, a branch of modified branches (microsporophylls)

B. a simple structure, a branch of modified leaves (megasporophylls)

C. a complex organism, a modified gametophyte

D. none of the above are correct

Q14. In cycads, as in all other gymnosperms, a pollen tube is ______________.

A. lacking, the sperm swim freely to the egg

B. extremely long, usually more than 15 cm in length

C. a means of transferring the pollen grain to the stigma

D. one of the most important evolutionary advances in seed plants

Q15. Cycad fossils are ______________.

A. unknown

B. known from the late Permian

C. abundant in the Devonian, but scarce in later Periods

D. never found with cones or seeds

Q16. The extant gymnosperm phylum known as the Ginkgophyta is monotypic, meaning it has but one ____________.

A. seed

B. sex

C. species

D. fossil

Q17. Ginkgo biloba is regarded as a "living fossil" because it ______________.

A. has microphyllous leaves without any vascular tissue

B. has silicon dioxide (glass) deposits in its leaves, giving the plant a rock-like feel

C. is nearly indistinguishable from Permian fossil ginkgoes

D. all of the above are correct

Q18. One interesting and important characteristic of Ginkgo biloba is that ______________.

A. it has bisexual cones

B. its seed coat produces butanoic and hexanoic acids, which stink

C. it lacks true leaves

D. it is sterile and produces no pollen or seeds

Q19. "Gnetophytes" like Ephedra ______________.

A. may be the closest living relatives of flowering plants

B. are unknown from the fossil record

C. are the only seed plants that lack vascular tissues

D. have seeds with multiple embryos, so that a single seed produces several plants

Q20. An important characteristic of the "gnetophyte" Ephedra is ______________.

A. its ovules produce a sugary exudate that rewards insect pollinators

B. it has vessel elements in its xylem

C. it produces a potent alkaloid that raises blood pressure

D. all of the above are correct