Reference no: EM133169897
Operational Amplifier Circuits
The objective of this lab is to study operational amplifier (op amp) and its applications. We will be simulating and building some basic op-amp circuits. This lab will familiarize us with the properties and operations of operational amplifiers. In this lab we will use the LM741 operational amplifier to implement several different practical configurations of the operational amplifier. First we simulate the different configurations for the operational amplifier: inverting, non-inverting and comparator mode etc. We will simulate each and every circuit in LTspice.
Circuit 1: An inverting op amp is an operational amplifier circuit with an output voltage that changes in the opposite direction as the input voltage. In other words, it is out of phase by 180o.
First circuit that we have to simulate is an inverting amplifier. It is shown in Fig. (1.2). The principal features of this configuration are
• The amplifier is inverting with the feedback closed loop.
• The closed loop gain is solely determined by the feedback resistors Rf and Ri assuming that the loop gain defined as the product of the open loop gain of the op amp.
Av = -
• The positive input terminal is always grounded in this configuration. This is often referred to as the "virtual ground" property of feedback op amps.
Circuit 2 (Non-Inverting Op-Amp)
It is also a negative feedback circuit of Op-Amp. Input signal is applied to the positive terminal of Op-Amp. Since input signal is applied to the non-inverting terminal of Op-Amp so we get non-inverted signal at the output or we can say that output signal will be in phase with the input signal.
Circuit 3
It is also a negative feedback circuit of Op-Amp. Input signal is also applied to the negetive terminal of Op-Amp. Since input signal is applied to the inverting terminal of Op-Amp so we get inverted signal at the output or we can say that output signal will be 180 out of phase with the input signal.
Procedure
• Open LTspice software and draw circuit as shown in (Fig 1.2)
• Assign values to the components as shown in Table (1.1)
• Set voltage source to 0.4V peak to peak at 10kHz of frequency
• Simulate the circuit by adjusting source frequency to 10kHz.
• Plot input and output waveform of the drawn Op-Amp circuit.
• Input and output waveform for 10 kHz is shown in Fig (1.2a)
• Note down values of input and output voltage in Table (1.2)
Circuit 4
It is also a positive feedback circuit of Op-Amp. Input signal is not applied to any terminal of the Op-Amp. At the negative input terminal of Op-Amp a capacitor of 1uF is placed.
Procedure
• Open LTspice software and draw circuit as shown in (Fig 1.8)
• Assign values to the components as shown in Table (1.7)
• Set value of capacitor to 1uF.
• Simulate the circuit.
• Plot input and output waveform of the drawn Op-Amp circuit.
• Input and output waveform are shown in Fig
• Note down values of input and output voltage in Table (1.8)
Circuit 5
It is a double ended input Op-Amp configuration. Operational amplifier is basically a differential amplifier. Op-Amp amplifies the difference of two input signals. We can say that Op-Amp rejects common portion of inputs. This phenomenon is called as common mode rejection. It is a negative feedback circuit of Op-Amp.
Circuit 6
It is a single ended input Op-Amp configuration. Operational amplifier is basically a differential amplifier. Op-Amp amplifies the difference of two input signals. We can say that Op-Amp rejects common portion of inputs. This phenomenon is called as common mode rejection. Output is feed-backed to the inverting terminal of Op-Amp.
Circuit 7
It is a single ended input Op-Amp configuration. Saw-tooth wave is applied to the positive terminal of Op-Amp. Diode is placed before output (Vo).
Circuit 8
It is a single ended input Op-Amp configuration. Operational amplifier is basically a differential amplifier. Op-Amp amplifies the difference of two input signals. We can say that Op-Amp rejects common portion of inputs. This phenomenon is called as common mode rejection. Output is feed-backed to the inverting terminal of Op-Amp.
Circuit 9
It is a single ended input Op-Amp configuration. Operational amplifier is basically a differential amplifier. Op-Amp amplifies the difference of two input signals. We can say that Op-Amp
rejects common portion of inputs. This phenomenon is called as common mode rejection. Output is feed-backed to the inverting terminal of Op-Amp.
Circuit 10
It is a single ended input Op-Amp configuration. Operational amplifier is basically a differential amplifier. Op-Amp amplifies the difference of two input signals. We can say that Op-Amp rejects common portion of inputs. This phenomenon is called as common mode rejection. Output is feed-backed to the inverting terminal of Op-Amp.
Attachment:- Operational Amplifier Circuits.rar
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