Reference no: EM133298275

Question: Most municipalities are in breach of their constitutional mandates to provide services to communities and businesses they collect rates and other taxes from. As a result, property developers and private homeowners have to bear more and more costs of maintenance and upgrading of various infrastructures in their cities, says the property industry representative body, the South African Property Owners' Association (SAPOA).

SAPOA has published a report detailing failures in various municipalities across SA. The association undertook research on the state of infrastructure in 15 of the country's largest municipalities. It chose those 15 - which include all the metros, Mbombela, Polokwane, uMsunduzi, Emalahleni, Emfuleni, Rustenburg and Sol Plaatje Municipalities - since that's where most developments take place and are also the municipalities where investors are focusing their investment decisions. SAPOA looked at their infrastructure development plans and annual reports.

SAPOA found that ageing infrastructure like water pipes, water treatment plants, roads, and electricity substations have become increasingly evident throughout various municipalities.

Using data from the municipalities' infrastructure plans and annual reports, SAPOA gave the City of Cape Town an 8% mark when grading it against the benchmark of what a world-class water infrastructure looks like. It gave all the other 14 municipalities zero. On storm water infrastructure, it gave all 15 a zero. The City of Cape Town also got the highest grading for road infrastructure, followed by Emfuleni.

When asked whether the infrastructure conditions improved, remained unchanged or worsened over the past five years, Cape Town scored the highest on improvement, with 27% of respondents saying things are better now. More than half (54%) said they remained unchanged, while 19% felt they've become worse.

Question 1: "SAPOA found that ageing infrastructure like water pipes, water treatment plants, roads, and electricity substations have become increasingly evident throughout various municipalities." In an event that, a maintenance project is proposed for each municipality to address the problem identified. Identify and explain the key element/s that the municipalities should consider or incorporate in their project communication management.

Question 2: The process of communication acknowledges the need to confirm that the message has been comprehended by both the sender and the recipient, who are involved in the process. Provide and interpret additional steps in an interactive communication model.

Question 3: Illustrate a project environment showing different project stakeholde