Reference no: EM133508281

Evaluate each argument. Start by identifying the conclusion and the premises, then rewrite the argument in standard form. Next, decide whether the argument is logically valid or else invalid. Carefully defend your evaluation with either a proof of validity or a convincing counterexample to show invalidity.

1. The Governor of the State of Indiana is either Mitch Daniels or it is Mike Pence. If Mitch Daniels is Governor, then the President of Purdue University is Governor of Indiana. Mike Pence is not Governor. So the President of Purdue University is Governor of Indiana.

2. Bats are either mammals or else they are birds. But bats are definitely not birds. So bats must be mammals.

3. Since there is absolutely no empirical evidence at all for the existence of ghosts, it follows that ghosts don't exist.

4. The arcade games each cost one quarter and we have four quarters. There are three children. Suppose each child plays exactly one arcade game. Given all that is true, then there will be exactly one quarter left over.

5. Jack's son is either a gymnast or a concert pianist. So Jack's son must not be a concert pianist, since Jack's son is a.