Reference no: EM133301264
Read over the brief descriptions of the policies and programs below. Identify which criminological theory best informs the policy/program and describes the specific components of the theory as they apply.
VIOLENT CRIME
1. Federal three-strikes law: Significantly increases the prison sentences of individuals convicted of multiple felonies; offenders who have been previously convicted of two or more violent crimes/serious felonies must receive a life sentence for their third felony Conviction
2. Chemical castration: Sometimes a condition of release for sex offenders; hormonal medication that diminishes sexual urges and can impede sexual function; operates under the assumption that sex offenders cannot control their natural sexual desires
3. Mandatory minimums: Georgia's "7 Deadly Sins" requires a mandatory sentence of at least 10 years for murder, rape, aggravated child molestation, voluntary manslaughter, aggravated sodomy, aggravated sexual battery, and armed robbery committed with a firearm. A second "deadly sin" conviction results in a mandatory life sentence without parole. Minors between the ages of 13 and 17 who commit these crimes will automatically be tried and sentenced as adults.
4. Anti-bullying campaigns: A link between bullying and violence has been established bullies and victims are more likely to carry weapons at school. Bullying results in negative consequences for the victim, such as social isolation/exclusion, experiencing negative mental health symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, suicidality), a greater likelihood of dropping out of school, etc. Anti-bullying campaigns are an attempt at creating safe, inclusive environments at school.
5. The Interrupters: Former gang members patrol the streets of Chicago's South Side and intervene during incidents of violence or conflict. Interrupters focus on at-risk youth and inform them of the potential consequences of their actions (e.g., imprisonment, death).
Interrupters assist in finding alternative, non-violent methods for expressing anger.
PROPERTY CRIME
1. Big Brothers Big Sisters of America: Most juveniles commit minor, non-violent offenses. Big Brothers Big Sisters is one of the nation's oldest and largest youth mentoring programs. Big Brothers Big Sisters aims to help children realize their potential and build positive futures by assigning a positive mentor. These mentoring relationships involve one-on-one outings and activities, such as visiting a local museum or going to support a local sports team. Mentors offer support and there are specialized programs for children of military families, and children with incarcerated parents, as well as mentoring programs that connect youth with police in their communities.
2. Sensormatic Electronics: Security tags attached to items that will set off alarms if the item is taken from the store without the tag having been removed by a salesperson.