Reference no: EM133038512

HLTAID011 Provide First Aid

Question 1. Answer the following questions about managing potential hazards and risks that you may encounter while providing first aid.

i. Identify your state/territory's code of practice for managing risks in the workplace that you can refer to when providing first aid.
ii. Outline the process for identifying hazards in the workplace.
iii. Outline the process for minimising risks.
iv. Consider the following scenario and answer the following questions.
Johann Pricely notices burnt food stuck to the inside of the toaster in the office pantry and decides to clean it. Without unplugging the toaster, he uses a butter knife to remove the burnt food. This causes a short circuit and Johann ends up with electrical burns on his hands. Johann's officemates immediately hurry over to provide first aid.
a. Identify the hazard in the scenario that could endanger Johann's officemates.
b. Identify one risk posed by the hazard you identified.
c. How would you eliminate the risk that you identified?

Question 2. Answer the following questions about infection control.
Identify five standard precautions relevant to infection control.
a. Identify the instances when hand hygiene must be performed.

vi. What is the main purpose of a resuscitation barrier device?

vii. Outline the procedure for using a CPR mask as a resuscitation barrier device.

viii. Outline the procedure for using a plastic barrier as a resuscitation barrier device.

Question 3. Answer the following questions about first aid training.
i. How often should cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) refresher training be undertaken?
ii. How often should first aid qualifications be renewed?

Question 4. Answer the following questions about first aid codes of practice.
i. Identify your state/territory's first aid code of practice.
ii. Identify the three factors that you must consider when determining the first aid requirement for your workplace.
a. What are the basic things that should be included in a workplace first aid kit?
iii. When does a workplace require more than one location with available first aid?

Question 5. Answer the following questions about duty of care requirements.
i. Define the term "duty of care."
ii. Identify one legislation applicable in your state/territory relevant to duty of care.
iii. Identify two duty of care requirements from the legislation that you identified above.

Question 6. Consider the scenarios below and answer the corresponding questions.

i. A casualty suddenly faints and stops breathing. Assume that you have completed CPR training (though you have no other medical training) and are present at the time of the incident.
a. Identify one skill that you possess that can be used to help the casualty.
b. Identify one of your limitations in this scenario that will restrict the help you can provide.
ii. You are on a hiking trip with some friends when one of them falls and ends up dislocating her shoulder. Assume that you know how to create a splint and sling, but do not know how to manipulate joints back into place.
a. Identify one skill that you possess that can be used to help your friend.
b. Identify one of your limitations in this scenario that will restrict the help you can provide.

Question 7. Answer the following questions about consent.
Your responses for items i to iii must be based on ARC Guideline 10.5 - Legal and Ethical Issues Related to Resuscitation.
i. Why is it important to obtain consent before treating a casualty?
ii. What is the consequence of failing to obtain the consent of the casualty?
iii. Identify two legal factors that must be considered when providing treatment without consent.
iv. How do you ask for consent from an adult casualty who is conscious before you provide first aid?
v. If the casualty is unconscious and unable to give consent to the provision of first aid, do you still provide first aid?

Question 8. Answer the following questions about privacy and confidentiality in first aid.
i. Identify one privacy legislation applicable in your state/territory relevant to first aid.
ii. Identify two privacy requirements from the legislation you identified above.
iii. Identify one confidentiality legislation in your state/territory relevant to first aid.
iv. Identify two confidentiality requirements from the legislation you identified above.

Question 9. Briefly explain why rescuers might need the following after responding to an emergency situation:
i. Stress management techniques
ii. Support systems

Question 10. Answer the following questions about the upper airway.
i. Briefly describe the following physiological responses of the body that may block the upper airway.
ii. Choose two numbers from the image below and identify the corresponding part of the respiratory system.
iii. Identify two ways to check if the casualty is breathing normally.
iv. Identify two ways to restore normal breathing for a casualty.
v. Briefly explain the body's physiological response to foreign material irritating the vocal cords.
vi. Briefly explain why you should place an unconscious person in the recovery position with their mouth open and head tilted downward.
vii. Briefly explain how the airway obstruction of a casualty can be affected by their body position.

Question 11. Answer the following questions about CPR.
Your responses for items iv onwards must be based on either of the following ARC Guidelines:
 ARC Guideline 6 - Compressions
 ARC Guideline 8 - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
i. How many chest compressions are done in one set?
ii. How many rescue breaths are done in one set?
iii. How many sets of chest compressions and rescue breaths should be achieved over a duration of two minutes?
iv. What is one instance in which it is appropriate to stop CPR?
v. What is the required rate of chest compressions when providing CPR?
vi. What is the required compression-to-ventilation ratio for all casualties, regardless of age?
vii. How deep should chest compressions be?
viii. How should you position your hands when getting ready to perform chest compressions?

Question 12. Answer the following questions about the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).
Your responses for items i and ii must be based on ARC Guideline 7 - External Automated Defibrillation in Basic Life Support.
i. Identify the two locations where the AED pads should be placed on adults and children above eight years of age.
ii. Are trained personnel the only ones who can use an AED?
iii. Outline the procedure for using an AED.

Question 13. Identify the links in the Chain of Survival.
The Chain of Survival refers to the steps to take to increase the casualty's chances of survival and full recovery.

Question 14. Answer the following questions about emergency services.
i. What number should you call when you need an ambulance?
ii. What number should you call when you need help because of floods and storms?

Question 15. Answer the following questions about unconscious casualties.
Your responses must be based on ARC Guideline 3 - Recognition and First Aid Management of the Unconscious Victim.

i. Identify the four broad groups for classifying causes of unconsciousness.
ii. Identify two signs that a person may show before losing consciousness.
iii. Identify two ways to check for the consciousness of a person.

Question 16. Complete the table below by providing brief descriptions of the following and explaining how they affect the provision of CPR:
i. Chest size
ii. Bone durability
Responses for the brief descriptions must include how the items listed differ across the different ages.

Question 17. Answer the following questions about allergic reactions.
i. Identify two common signs of allergies.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of allergies.
iii. Identify two common allergy triggers.
iv. What is the first thing you should do when administering first aid for an allergic reaction?
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating allergies.

Question 18. Answer the following questions about anaphylaxis.
i. Identify two common signs of anaphylaxis.
ii. List two common symptoms of anaphylaxis.
iii. Identify two common anaphylactic triggers.
iv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating anaphylaxis.

Question 19. Answer the following questions about asthma.
i. Identify two common signs of asthma.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of asthma.
iii. Identify two common asthma triggers.
iv. Identify two types of bronchodilators approved for use in Australia.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating an asthma attack.

Question 20. Answer the following questions about bleeding.
Your responses for items x onwards must be based on ARC Guideline 9.1.1 - First Aid for Management of Bleeding.

i. Identify two common signs of external bleeding.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of external bleeding.
iii. Identify two common signs of internal bleeding.
iv.  identify two common symptoms of internal bleeding.
v. Identify one common sign of non-life-threatening bleeding.
vi. Identify one common symptom of non-life-threatening bleeding.
vii. Identify one common sign of life-threatening bleeding.
viii. Identify one common symptom of life-threatening bleeding
ix. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating minor bleeding.
x. Identify four situations where bleeding is considered life-threatening.
xi. Identify three recommendations for managing bleeding.
xii. Identify two recommendations for managing bleeding with embedded objects.
xiii. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating life-threatening external bleeding.

Question 21. Answer the following questions about burns.
i. Identify two common signs of burns.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of burns.
iii. Identify the three types of burn.
iv. Give two definitions of a significant burn.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating burns.

Question 22. Answer the following questions about cardiac conditions.
i. Identify two common signs of chest pain.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of chest pain.
iii. Identify two common signs of a heart attack.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of a heart attack.
v. Identify two possible causes of chest pain.
vi. Briefly explain the difference between angina and a heart attack.
vii. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing an angina episode.
viii. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing a heart attack.

Question 23. Answer the following questions about choking.
i. Identify three common signs of choking.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of choking.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for choking.

Question 24. Answer the following questions about diabetes.
Your responses must be based on ARC Guideline 9.2.9 - First Aid Management of a Diabetic Emergency.

i. Identify two common signs of diabetes.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of diabetes.
iii. Identify the normal range of glucose concentration in the blood of a healthy person.
iv. Briefly explain what diabetes is.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing hypoglycaemia.
vi. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing hyperglycaemia.

Question 25. Answer the following questions about drowning.
Your responses for items iii onwards must be based on ARC Guideline 9.3.2 - Resuscitation of the Drowning Victim.

i. Identify two common signs of drowning.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of drowning.
iii. Briefly describe what drowning is.
iv. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing a drowning casualty.

Question 26. Answer the following questions about envenomation.
Your responses for items ii onwards must be based on ARC Guidelines 9.4.1-9.4.8under Section 9.4 - First aid guidelines - Envenomation.

i. Briefly explain what envenomation is.
ii. Briefly explain why there is no nationwide Australian recommendation for first aid procedures for jellyfish stings.
iii. Identify two common signs of envenomation from an Australian snake bite
iv. Identify two common symptoms of envenomation from an Australian snake bite.
v. Identify two things you should not do when bitten by an Australian snake.
vi. Identify two common signs of envenomation from a funnel web spider bite.
vii. Identify two common symptoms of envenomation from a funnel web spider bite.
viii. Identify two common signs of envenomation from a fish sting.
ix. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing envenomation from an insect bite or sting.
x. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing envenomation from a non-tropical Australian jellyfish sting.
xi. Identify two envenomation situations where the pressure immobilisation technique can be applied.
xii. Identify two envenomation situations where the pressure immobilisation technique cannot be applied.
xiii. Outline the general first aid procedure for applying the pressure immobilisation technique.

Question 27. Answer the following questions about eye injuries.
i. Identify two common signs of an eye injury.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of an eye injury
iii. Outline the general procedure for flushing out irritants in the eye.
iv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating wounds in cases where there is a penetrating wound in the eye and the object is still embedded in the injury.
v. In the procedure from the previous item, should you remove the embedded object? Briefly explain why or why not.
vi. Identify two injury management principles when treating eye injuries.

Question 28. Answer the following questions about fractures, dislocations, strains, and sprains.
i. Identify two common signs of a fracture.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of a fracture.
iii. Identify two common signs of a dislocation.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of a dislocation.
v. Identify two common signs of a strain.
vi. Identify two common symptoms of a strain.
vii. Identify two common signs of a sprain.
viii. Identify two common symptoms of a sprain.

ix. Briefly explain the difference between a dislocation and a fracture
x. How long should a dislocation be treated with ice?
xi. Briefly explain the difference between a strain and a sprain.
xii. Briefly describe the following types of fractures.
Closed fractures
Open fractures
Complicated fractures

i. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating a dislocation.
xiv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating fractures.
xv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating strains.
xvi. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating sprains.

Question 29. Answer the following questions about head, neck, and spinal injuries.
Your responses for items vi onwards must be based on either of the following ARC Guidelines:
- ARC Guideline 9.1.4 - Head Injury
- ARC Guideline 9.1.6 - Management of Suspected Spinal Injury

i. Identify two common signs of a head injury.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of a head injury.
iii. Identify two common signs of a neck injury.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of a neck injury.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing neck injuries.
vi. Identify two common signs of a spinal injury.
vii. Identify two common symptoms of a spinal injury.
viii. Identify two possible causes of head injuries.
ix. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing a suspected head injury.
x. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing a suspected spinal injury.

Question 30. Answer the following questions about hypothermia and hyperthermia.
Your responses for items ii onwards must be based on either of the following ARC Guidelines:
- ARC Guideline 9.3.3 - Hypothermia: First Aid and Management
- ARC Guideline 9.3.4 - Heat Induced Illness (Hyperthermia)

i. Identify two common symptoms of mild hypothermia.
ii. Identify two common signs of mild hypothermia.
iii. Identify two common signs of hyperthermia.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of hyperthermia.
v. Briefly explain what hypothermia is.
vi. Identify two possible causes of hypothermia.
vii. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing hypothermia.
vii. Identify three factors that can contribute to hyperthermia.
ix. Identify two ways to cool down a casualty suffering from hyperthermia.
x. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing a casualty that is older than five years and suffering from hyperthermia.

Question 31. Answer the following questions about minor wounds.
i. Identify two common signs of a minor wound.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of a minor wound.
iii. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating a mild knee abrasion.

Question 32. Answer the following questions about nosebleeds.
i. Identify one common sign of a nosebleed.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of a nosebleed.
iii. Identify three possible causes of nosebleeds.
iv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating a nosebleed.

Question 33. Answer the following questions about poisoning.
Your responses for items iv onwards must be based on ARC Guideline 9.5.1 - Emergency Management of a Victim Who Has Been Poisoned.

i. Identify two common signs of poisoning.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of poisoning.
iii. Briefly explain what poisoning is.
iv. Identify the principles of management for a poisoned casualty.

Question 34. Answer the following questions about seizures.
Your responses must be based on ARC Guideline 9.2.4 - First Aid Management of a Seizure.

i. Identify two common signs of seizures.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of seizures.
iii. Outline the general first aid procedure for managing an unconscious casualty who is actively seizing.

Question 35. Answer the following questions about sharps injuries.
i. Identify two common signs of sharps injuries.
ii. Identify two common symptoms of sharps injuries.
iii. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating deep sharps injuries.

Question 36. Answer the following questions about shock.
Your responses must be based on ARC Guideline 9.2.3 - Shock.

i. Briefly describe what shock is.
ii. Identify two possible causes of shock.
iii. Identify two common signs of shock.
iv. Identify two common symptoms of shock.
v. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating shock.

Question 37. Answer the following questions about strokes.
Your responses must be based on ARC Guideline 9.2.2 - Stroke.
i. Briefly describe what a stroke is.
ii. Identify two common signs of a stroke.
iii. Identify two common symptoms of a stroke.
iv. Outline the general first aid procedure for treating a stroke.