Identify the first line defenses damaged by smoking

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Reference no: EM133615148

Assignment:

Individuals who smoke have much higher rates of lung infection. Explain which first-line defenses mechanisms may be impaired by smoking, allowing pathogens to more readily enter the lower respiratory tract. (Correctly identify the first line defenses damaged by smoking, explain what damage is caused, and how this affects immune function. NOTE: Do not include second or third line defense.)

Reference no: EM133615148

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