Reference no: EM132888679
1. Refer to the enrolled nurses and medicine administration fact sheet. Summarise the legal requirements for practice parameters of enrolled nurse outlined in the fact sheet in relation to the administration of medications including intravenous route of medication administration.
2. Identify and briefly describe the key objectives of the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulations applicable to your State/Territory.
3. Identify and briefly describe the key objectives of the Drugs and Poisons Acts applicable to your State/Territory.
4. Identify and briefly describe three (3) NMBA or ICN codes and guidelines that provide a framework for enrolled nurse practice.
5. Briefly describe the key intention of Standard 3 ‘Preventing and Controlling Health Care Associated Infections' of National Safety and Quality Health Standard (NSQHS).
6. What is meant by Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score (VIPS)? Briefly explain its significance in your nursing practice.
7. Interpret the following schedules of medications and provide two (2) examples of each of these
schedules:
a. Schedule 2:
b. Schedule 3:
c. Schedule 4:
d. Schedule 8:
8. Complete the following table outlining how you will handle, calculate, administer and store the following forms of medications:
Forms Examples Handling Calculation
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Forms
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Examples
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Handling
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Calculation
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Administration
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storage
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Capsules
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Gelatin capsules
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Drops
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Amoxicillin eye drops
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Inhalants
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Fluticasone
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Liquid
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Dexamethasone as liquid drug
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Lotion and creams
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Tretinoin cream
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Ointment
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Ketoconazole ointment
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Patches
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Nitroglycerin patches
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Powders
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Cholestyramine powder
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Tablets
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Tab acetamincphen
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Wafers
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Ondazzydis wafers
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suppositories
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Dulcolax
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9. Briefly describe the following terms relevant to the pharmacology of medications using an example:
- Pharmacodynamics
- Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacotherapeutics
10. Discuss the term ‘toxicology'.
11. Differentiate between adverse reactions and anaphylactic reactions.
12. Discuss the term ‘contraindications' of a medication using an example.
13. Precautions and side effects are common expressions in medicine administration. Explain both the terms with an example for each.
14. What causes the following potential complications of a blood transfusion? Identify a reason for each of these complications.
- Pain at IV site and arm:
- Acute immune haemolytic reaction with signs and symptoms such as loin pain, nausea, vomiting, haematuria and headache:
- Urticaria (hives):
- Flushing, chills or fever:
- Anxiety:
- Wheezing, progressing to cyanosis:
- Anaphylactic reaction including tachycardia, cardiac arrest or shock that may lead to death:
15. How should an enrolled nurse apply the following rights of medication administration?
- Right medication:
- Right dose:
- Right prescription (documentation):
- Right route:
- Right time:
- Right person:
- Right expiration date:
- Right to refuse:
16. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via the buccal route.
17. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications using metered dose inhaler and spacer inhaler.
Metered dose inhaler:
Spacer inhaler:
18. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via PEG tube.
19. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via intranasal route (e.g. administering a nasal spray via a pressurised canister).
20. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via vaginal route.
21. Identify and briefly describe an indication to use each of the following IV medication administration methods.
- IV bolus:
- Gravity or drip infusion:
- Electronic pump infusion:
- Via burette:
- IV piggyback and tandem:
- Syringe driver through sub-cut lines:
22. Discuss three (3) factors to be considered while calculating medication dosages.
23. A child with presenting complaints of fever is prescribed 240 mg of Paracetamol. The suspension of Paracetamol is available as 120 mg/5 ml solution. How much ml of the Paracetamol is to be administered? Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation (10ml)
24. Tab Amitriptiline 30mg is prescribed for a client. It is available as 10 mg tablets. How many tablets need to be administered to get the prescribed dose? Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
25. A client is to be given 960 ml over 24 hours. The drop factor is 15. Calculate how many drops per minute will be delivered. Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
26. A child with a case of burns is prescribed 1200ml over 8 hours. Taking drop factor as 60, calculate the drops/ minute that must be given to the child. Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
27. A client is given IV fluid NYS 500ml at a rate of 42 drops per minute. If the drop factor is 15, how many millilitres per hour is the client receiving? Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
28. Inj. Ceftriaxone comes as 40mg/ml. A 5-year-old weighing 18kg is prescribed 100mg/kg/day. Calculate the dose of Ceftriaxone in ml to be administered for the child a day applying the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
29. A child is diagnosed with a case of leukaemia. He weighs 16.8 kg and is 97 cm tall. The required dose of Vincristine is 2mg/m2 and the drug comes as 1mg/ml concentration. Calculate the dose to be delivered in ml applying the calculation formula you would use in this situation.
30. The recommended dose of gentamycin is 1 to 5 mg/kg IV. Calculate the safe range to administer to an elderly man weighing 86kg? Identify the calculation formula you would use in this situation (86mg-430mg)
31. Cyclophosphamide is prescribed for an elderly client. Prescription: Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 150mg/m2/day, IV, available dosage is 200mg, client's height is 170 cms, weight is 70 kg. Calculate the dose of medication to be administered per day as per the client's body surface area.
32. Dose administration aids (DAA) help clients in the community to better manage their medicines. Briefly describe four (4) factors to be considered while using DAA.
33. Briefly describe the action of acidifiers in controlling pH in our bodies. Provide two (2) examples of acidifiers used for fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
34. Briefly describe the action of alkalisers in treating fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Provide two (2) examples of alkalisers used for fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
35. Briefly describe the action of diuretics in managing fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Provide two (2) examples of diuretics.
36. Provide two (2) examples of electrolytes used for fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Briefly describe the action of one electrolyte you identified in managing fluid and electrolyte imbalance in the body.
37. Briefly describe the action of intravenous replacement solutions. Provide two (2) examples of replacement solutions used for fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
38. Briefly describe the use and actions of nitrous oxide and desflurane as anesthetic agents.
39. Briefly describe the use and actions of ibuprofen as an analgesic agent.
40. Briefly describe the use and actions of omeprazole as an antacid.
41. Briefly describe the use and actions of nitroglycerine as an antianginal.
42. Briefly describe the use and actions of lorazepam as an anti-anxiety medication.
43. Briefly describe the use and actions of metoprolol as an anti-arrhythmic medication.
44. Briefly describe the use and actions of amoxicillin as an antibiotic.
45. Briefly describe the use and actions of atropine as an anticholinergic.
46. Briefly describe the use and actions of warfarin as an anticoagulant.
47. Briefly describe the use and actions of clonazepam as an anticonvulsant.
48. Briefly describe the use and actions of amitriptyline as an antidepressant.
49. Briefly describe the use and actions of loperamide as an antidiarrheal agent.
50. Briefly describe the use and actions of ondansetron as an antiemetic agent.
51. Briefly describe the use and actions of clotrimazole as an antifungal agent.
52. Briefly describe the use and actions of cetirizine as an antihistamine.
53. Briefly describe the use and actions of captopril as an antihypertensive.
54. Briefly describe the use and actions of indomethacin as an anti-inflammatory drug.
55. Briefly describe the use and actions of vincristine as an antineoplastic drug.
56. Briefly describe the use and actions of L-dopa as an antiparkinsonion drug.
57. Briefly describe the use and actions of diphenhydramine as an antipruritic drug.
58. Briefly describe the use and actions of haloperidol as an antipsychotic agent.
59. Briefly describe the use and actions of iodine as an antiseptic agent.
60. Briefly describe the use and actions of pantoprazole as an antiulcer drug.
61. Briefly describe the use and actions of acyclovir as an antiviral drug.
62. Briefly describe the use and actions of alprazolam as an anxiolytic drug.
63. Briefly describe y the use and actions of propranolol as a beta-blocker.
64. Briefly describe the use and actions of salbutamol as a bronchodilator.
65. Briefly describe the use and actions of docusate as a laxative/aperient.
66. Briefly describe the use and actions of ormeloxifene as a contraceptive.
67. Briefly describe the use and actions of beclomethasone as a corticosteroid.
68. Briefly describe the use and actions of fentanyl as a narcotic analgesic agent.
69. Briefly describe the use and actions of risperidone as a neuroleptic agent.
70. Briefly describe the use and actions of levothyroxine as a hormone medication.
71. Briefly describe the use and actions of diazepam as a hypnotic or sedative medication.
72. Briefly describe the use and actions of metformin as a hypoglycemic agent.
73. Briefly describe the use and actions of novorapid.
74. Briefly describe the use and actions of ringer lactate as an electrolyte solution.
75. Briefly describe the use and actions of timolol as an ophthalmic medicine.
76. Briefly describe the use and actions of ciprodex as an otic medicine.
77. Briefly describe the use and actions of xylometazoline as a nasal medication.
78. Briefly describe the use and actions of Lasix as a diuretic.
79. Briefly describe the use and actions of ascorbic acid as a vitamin supplement.
80. Briefly describe how you should transport, store, handle and dispose of blood and blood products safely.
Transportation:
Storage:
Safe handling and checking of blood and blood products:
Disposing off blood and blood products:
81. Furosemide and low pH solutions such as glucose 5% solutions shouldn't be mixed together. Why?
82. Blood transfusion was completed for a patient in your clinical setting. Three hours post transfusion theperson complained of severe headache and palpitations. You observed a dark discolouration of his urine.
The patient had a blood pressure of 90/70mm of Hg. Identify a possible reason for these symptoms and discuss the most appropriate steps to be taken to address the situation.