How the concentration and electrical gradients compromise

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  1. Explain how the concentration and electrical gradients compromise acting on these two ions simultaneously leads a resting potential value in skeletal muscle of - 70mv. Contractile cardiac muscle fibers have a resting potential of -80mv. Explain.
  2. What stimulis can open or close gate ion channel? Explain why graded potentials are short lived and limited to local changes in voltage. What ions could move if the graded potential was a hyperpolarization vs. a depolarization
  3. When a very localized area of a cell has a different voltage than the surrounding areas how does that affect the ions in the ISF and in the cytoplasm? Ions meet resistance to flow. How does that affect the voltage as current flows against resistance.
  4. In skeletal muscles chemical gated ion channels bind Ach released by the neuron's terminal into the synapse. What ions move through the Ach gated ion channel in skeletal muscles and how does that affect the membrane potential?

Reference no: EM132181946

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