Reference no: EM131681309

1. You assert the complexity of humankind and suggest the challenges or battles within. To that end, making attainable goals is a wise step in life as well as a force in many business philosophies. Cognitive-consistency theories note that we are motivated to achieve a psychological state in which our beliefs and behaviors are consistent; we believe inconsistency between beliefs and behaviors to be unpleasant. For ample, students who think about studying but never get around to it need to achieve consistency between their thoughts and actions. So, they may achieve consistency by deciding they are too tired to study. You might think of this motive as the need to achieve psychological homeostasis. Can you define Leon Festinger psychological state known as cognitive dissonance and give an example?

2. One primary argument against sociobiology is that it discourages social reforms. Opponents point out that if social behavior is genetically determined, there is no reason to try to improve society. So, for example, the conditions of the homeless are beyond our control. John B Watson is considered the father or founder of behaviorism. He wanted to understand the relationships between environmental stimuli and responses believing that if we can understand these relationships, then we can make accurate predictions about behavior --- such as which would occur when a certain stimulus is present. An internal motivational state that is created by a physiological need is known as a drive. Can you define the drive-reduction theory and give an example? For instance, one example might be that during a storm, people are more concerned with reaching shelter than with what they are going to eat at their next meal.