Reference no: EM131578117
Question 1:
If A denotes some event, what does A‾ denote If P(A)=0.998, what is the value of P(A‾) If P(A)=0.998, is A‾ unusual?
What does A‾ denote?
A.Event A‾ is always unusual.
B.Events A and A‾ share all outcomes.
C.Event A‾ denotes the complement of event A, meaning that A‾ and A share some but not all outcomes.
D.Event A‾ denotes the complement of event A, meaning that A‾ consists of all outcomes in which event A does not occur.
If P(A) = 0.998, what is the value of P(A‾)?
If P(A) = 0.998, is A‾ unusual?
Question 2:
To the right are the outcomes that are possible when a couple has three children. Refer to that list, and find the probability of each event.
a. Among three children, there are exactly 2 girls.
b. Among three children, there are exactly 0 boys.
c. Among three children, there is exactly 1 boy.
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
boy |
boy |
boy |
boy |
boy |
girl |
boy |
girl |
boy |
boy |
girl |
girl |
girl |
boy |
boy |
girl |
boy |
girl |
girl |
girl |
boy |
girl |
girl |
girl |
Question 3:
Among 350 randomly selected drivers in the 16-18 age bracket, 250 were in a car crash in the last year. If a driver in that age bracket is randomly selected, what is the approximate probability that he or she will be in a car crash during the next year? Is it unusual for a driver in that age bracket to be involved in a car crash during a year? Is the resulting value high enough to be of concern to those in the 16-18 age bracket? Consider an event to be "unusual" if its probability is less than or equal to 0.05.
The probability that a randomly selected person in the 16-18 age bracket will be in a car crash this year is approximately ___.
(Type an integer or decimal rounded to the nearest thousandth as needed.)
Would it be unusual for a driver in that age bracket to be involved in a car crash this year?
Is the probability high enough to be of concern to those in the 16-18 age bracket?
Question 4:
Decide whether the following two events are disjoint.
1. Randomly selecting someone treated with a certain medication.
2. Randomly selecting someone who received no medication.
Are the two events disjoint?
A. No, because the events cannot occur at the same time.
B. No, because the events can occur at the same time.
C. Yes, because the events cannot occur at the same time.
D. Yes, because the events can occur at the same time.
Question 5:
Answer the following questions.
a. If P(A) = 0.17, find the probability of the complement of A, P(A‾).
b. A certain group of women has a 0.02% rate of red/green color blindness. If a woman is randomly selected, what is the probability that she does not have red/green color blindness?
Question 6:
Use the following results from a test for marijuana use, which is provided by a certain drug testing company. Among 142 subjects with positive test results, there are 28 false positive results. Among 158 negative results, there are 3 false negative results. Complete parts (a) through? (c). (Hint: Construct a table.)
(a) How many subjects were included in the study?
(b) How many subjects did not use marijuana?
(c) What is the probability that a randomly selected subject did not use marijuana?
Question 7:
Problem Statement and Interaction Area
|
Viagra Treatment |
Placebo |
Headache |
112 |
24 |
No Headache |
609 |
690 |
Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from Pfizer, Inc., as presented in Triola & Triola). The table describes results from a clinical trial of the well-known drug Viagra. Calculate the probability that a patient receiving the placebo will have a headache.
A. 0.155
B. 0.035
C. 0.034
D. 4.621
Question 8:
Problem Statement and Interaction Area
|
Viagra Treatment |
Placebo |
Headache |
112 |
32
|
No Headache |
605 |
694 |
Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from Pfizer, Inc., as presented in Triola & Triola). The table describes results from a clinical trial of the well-known drug Viagra. Calculate the relative risk of a headache for patients receiving Viagra compared to those receiving the placebo.
A. 4.015
B. 0.156
C. 0.044
D. 3.544
Question 9:
Problem Statement and Interaction Area
|
Helmet Worn |
No Helmet |
Facial Injury Received |
30 |
180
|
All injuries nonfacial |
79 |
231 |
Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from "A case-control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing facial injury," by Thompson, Rivara, and Wolf, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 80, No. 12 as presented in Triola & Triola).
Calculate the risk of facial injuries if a helmet is worn.
A. 0.725
B. 0.438
C. 0.628
D. 0.275
Question 10:
Problem Statement and Interaction Area
|
Viagra Treatment |
Placebo |
Headache |
112 |
28
|
No Headache |
624 |
692 |
Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from Pfizer, Inc., as presented in Triola & Triola). The table describes results from a clinical trial of the well-known drug Viagra. Calculate the odds in favor of a headache among Viagra users.
A. 5.571
B. 4.436
C. 0.152
D. 0.179
Question 11:
Problem Statement and Interaction Area
|
Helmet Worn |
No Helmet |
Facial Injury Received |
32 |
177
|
All injuries nonfacial |
81
|
233 |
Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from "A case-control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing facial injury," by Thompson, Rivara, and Wolf, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 80, No. 12 as presented in Triola & Triola). Calculate the odds ratio for facial injuries among those who wore helmets compared to those who did not wear helmets.
A. 0.395
B. 2.531
C. 0.520
D. 0.283
Question 12:
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
285458442 |
Women aged 15-44 |
60128331 |
Deaths |
2546458 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
37100 |
Live Births |
4607273 |
HIV infected persons |
912063 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
26041 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
15907 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
16824 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
43067 |
Calculate the Crude Birth Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A. 116.0
B. 76.6
C. 0.016
D. 4607273
Question 13:
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
284892659 |
Women aged 15-44 |
61956037 |
Deaths |
2819383 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
40935 |
Live Births |
4760397 |
HIV infected persons |
952279 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
28001 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
17729 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
18129 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
43978 |
Calculate the Fetal Mortality Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A. 9.0
B.12.0
C. 5.9
D. 40935
Question 14:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
285370716 |
Women aged 15-44 |
59419373 |
Deaths |
2989219 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
40655 |
Live Births |
4098607 |
HIV infected persons |
887469 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
28607 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
17678 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
18815 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
44101 |
Calculate the HIV Incidence Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A.887469
B.3.1
C.0.003
D. 19.9
Question 15:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
284835810 |
Women aged 15-44 |
61408300 |
Deaths |
2207814 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
40268 |
Live Births |
4909025 |
HIV infected persons |
959572 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
27746 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
16751 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
16520 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
44049 |
Calculate the HIV Mortality Rate for HIV-infected persons, per 1000, for the United States.
A.3.4
B.17.5
C.0.018
D.0.003
Question 16:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
284283240 |
Women aged 15-44 |
60380875 |
Deaths |
2663422 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
38060 |
Live Births |
4740955 |
HIV infected persons |
809447 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
27092 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
16143 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
17108 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
44801 |
Calculate the Neonatal Mortality Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A.12.0
B.0.012
C.3.6
D.5.7
Question 17:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
285145927 |
Women aged 15-44 |
59070387 |
Deaths |
2998808 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
38894 |
Live Births |
4016961 |
HIV infected persons |
802729 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
27890 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
16432 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
17205 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
41234 |
Calculate the Perinatal Mortality Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A.6.9
B.4.3
C.13.8
D.10.0
Question 18:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
284227801 |
Women aged 15-44 |
59919831 |
Deaths |
2251221 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
40952 |
Live Births |
4164196 |
HIV infected persons |
834917 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
28719 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
16699 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
18280 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
667934 |
Calculate the Motor Vehicle Death Incidence Rate, per 10,000, for the United States.
A. 1.5
B. 0.015
C. 6.9
D. 41430
Question 19:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
284360736 |
Women aged 15-44 |
59708660 |
Deaths |
2354201 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
38548 |
Live Births |
4238999 |
HIV infected persons |
929571 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
26834 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
15483 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
17291 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
44252 |
Calculate the General Fertility Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A.71.0
B.15.0
C.0.071
D.4238999
Question 20:
Problem
Given the following hypothetical data: Vital Statistics for the United States in One Year? (from Triola and Triola, 2006)
k=1000, for most
Population |
285369736 |
Women aged 15-44 |
59131212 |
Deaths |
2987724 |
Fetuses delivered without life after 20 weeks of gestation |
37884 |
Live Births |
4835060 |
HIV infected persons |
967004 |
Deaths of infants under 1 yr of age |
26140 |
Deaths from HIV infections |
15165 |
Deaths of infants under 28 days of age |
17772 |
Motor vehicle deaths |
41092 |
Calculate the Infant Mortality Rate, per 1000, for the United States.
A.3.7
B.8.0
C.5.4
D.0.005